NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 83 



86. C. Sowerbyi, d'Orb. Prod. 2. 1850. 



Cyprina angulata, Sowb. Trans. Geol. Soc. iv. 128. 1839. (non. Sowb. 

 M. C.) 

 Hab. England, (fossil.) 



87. C. strigillata, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 



Cardita strigillata, Klippstein. Beitr. Geol. 255, pi. xvi. f. 23. 1845. 

 Hab. Germany, (fossil.) 



88. C. sub angulata, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 



Venus angidata, Miinster. Goldf. Petr. Germ. 2, 243, pi. 150, f. v. 1839. 

 Hab. Germany, (fossil.) 



89. C. subcordiformis, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 

 Hab. France, (fossil.) 



90. C. subobliqua, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 



Venus obliqua, Miinster. Goldf. Petr. Germ. 2, 243, pi. 150, f. 6, 1839. 

 Hab. Germ., (fossil.) 



91. C. subro strata, Miinster. Beitr. iv. 87, pi. viii. f. 26, 1841. 

 Hab. Germ., (fossil.) 



92. C. s u b t u m i d a , Meek & Hayden. Proc. Ac. N. S. Phil. ix. 144. 1S57. 

 Hab. N. America, (fossil.) 



C. tenuistria, Lamk. Lamk. v. 1848. Is Venus Chinensis, 

 Chemn. 



93. C. trapeziformis, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 



Venus trapeziformis, Roemer. Oolit. 109, pi. vii. f. 14. 1836. 

 Hab. Germany, (fossil.) 

 C. triangularis, Turt. Brit, bivalves, 136, pi. xi. f. 19, 20. 1822. 



Is Circe minima. 

 C. t r idacno ide s , Lamk. Lamk. v. 1818. Is Venus deformis, 



Say. 

 C. trigona, d'Orb. Prod. 2. 1850. Is Corbicula tr iang ul a, 



Prime. 

 C. turn i da, Nyst. Coq. Tert. Belg. 148, pi. x, f. 1. .1835-1843. Is 



Cyprina rustic a, Fleming. 

 C. umbonaria, Lamk. Lamk. v. 1818. Is Venus umbonaria. 

 C. vetusta, Roemer, 25, pi. vi. f. 1843. Is Cardinia vetusta, 



d'Orbigny. 



94. C. Vieilbancii, d'Orb. Prod. 1. 1850. 

 Hab. France, (fossil.) 



C. vulgaris, Sowb. Gen. of Shells. Is Cyprina Islandica, Lam. 



I 



Synopsis of the Subfamily of CLTJPEINiE, with descriptions of new Genera. 



BY THEODORE GILL. 



To enable the reader to better understand the descriptions of the new genera 

 to be now proposed, we give the characters of the groups of the Clupeinae as 

 understood by us, and a synopsis of all the known genera. 



The family of Clupeoids, as restricted by the learned French icthyologist who 

 has so well continued the great ichthyological work planned by Cuvier, is one 

 of the most natural in the animal kingdom. There is none that exhibits greater 

 variety of dentition ; none in which such variation is accompanied by so little 

 difference of form or anatomical peculiarities. In the group of the true 

 Herrings or Clupece, as we shall restrict it, there are included seventeen dig- 



1861.] 



3 



