NATURAL SCIENCES OP PHILADELPHIA. 281 



of the total (15-100) ; its first spine is, as usual, rudimentary ; its second and 

 third are nearly equal, and each is contained six and two-third times in the 

 total length (11-100) ; its last spine is less than a third as long as the second. 

 The second dorsal has a longer base than the first (13-100) ; its longest ray 

 exceeds 6 of the total length (15-100) ; its last one exceeds a fifteenth of the 

 same (6^-100). The interval between the two dorsals is nearly equal to a 

 sixth of the total length (16-100). 



The anal fin is subfalciform like the second dorsal ; its length nearly equals 

 a sixth of the total (16-100) and the interval between the dorsal fins; its 

 longest ray, when entire, probably equals the same (in specimen (14-000), 

 and the last a half of it. 



The caudal fin has the usual form ; its median rays equal a tenth (10-100), 

 and its longest nearly two-sevenths (28-100) of the total length. 



The pectoral fins are also proportioned like those of the other species ; their 

 greatest length exceeds a fifth (21-100) of the total. 



There are eight pectoral filaments ; the second superior one is slightly 

 longest, and extends nearly to the vertical from the middle of the interval 

 between the "dorsal fins ; its length nearly equals two-sevenths (28-100) of 

 the total ; the" inferior or shortest has about half the length of the longest 

 (14-100). 



The ventral fins are situated under the anterior or median spines of the 

 first dorsal; the length of the spine little exceeds a seventeenth (6-100) of 

 the total ; that of the external branched ray nearly equals a ninth (11-100), 

 and that of the interval a tenth (10-100) of the same. 

 The radial formula follows : 

 1st. D. VIII. 2d. D. I. 11. A. II. 14. 



The lateral line runs through about sixty scales ; there are six rows above, 

 and apparently ten below. 



The color appears to have been silvery. The vertical fins, especially the 

 first dorsal, are punctulated with black. The pectoral fins are almost totally 

 black. 



Total length 7 inches 100 



Greatest height 27 



Least height 12 



Length of head 26 



Distance between snout and preoperculum 17 



" " " orbit 4 



Diameter of orbit 7 



Distance between orbits 7 



Length of first dorsal fin 11 



" second spine 15 



" last spine 4.} 



Length of second dorsal fin 13 



" longest ray 15 



" last ray 6 J 



Distance between dorsals 16 



Length of anal fin 16 



" longest ray 14 



" last ray 8 



Length of central caudal rays 10 



" longest caudal rays 28 



Length of pectoral fins 21 



" longest pectoral filament 28 



shortest pectoral filament 14 



Length of ventral spine 6 



" external ventral ray 11 



" internal ventral ray 10 



1861.] 



