NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 



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tail is very much shorter, with narrower and more acute feathers ; and the toes, 

 especially the hinder one, are longer. The differences from the other more or 

 less closely allied genera, Carpodacus, Curvirostra, Carduelis, etc., are too 

 great to require special comparison. 



The following brief schedule will serve to determine the species : 



Synopsis of Species. 



A. Middle toe and claw equal to the tarsus. Rump streaked with dusky at all 

 ages and seasons. 



I. Bill dusky; dusky predominating above; sides very distinctly 



streaked ; wings and tail very narrowly edged with whitish ; 

 breast in adult deep carmine. 



1. Bill enormously large, arched, the culmen convex. Length 

 6-00; wing, 3-25; tail, 2-70; bill, 0-41; tarsus, 0.68; middle 

 toe alone, 0-41 rostratus. 



2. Similar; smaller; bill less arched ; culmen straight. Length, 

 5-25 ; wing, 290 ; tail, 2-35 ; bill, 0-35 ; tarsus, 058 ; middle 

 toe, 0-36 fuscescens. 



II. Bill mostly yellow. Yellowish predominating above; sides con- 



fluently streaked ; wings and tail broadly margined with whitish ; 

 breast in adult bright rosy. 



3. Bill bright yellow, elongated, robust; plumnli short; lores 

 and a large gular spot black. Length, Scinches (Bp.) Holb. 



4. Smaller; bill exceedingly acute, yellow, culmen and go- 

 nys black. Rump white, streaked with dusky. Tail, 2-65 

 inches linarius. 



5. Similar, but smaller ; tail scarcely 2 inches ; rump tinged 

 with reddish rufescens. 



B. Middle toe and claw shorter than the tarsus. Rump never streaked in 

 adult males. 



III. General colors light. Breast light rosy. 



6. Size of linarius. Feet short and weak. Tarsus 0-55 ; middle 

 toe 0-28 i exilipes. 



7. Much larger. Feet long and strong. Tarsus 65 ; middle 

 toe 0.30 canescens. 



The following table will exhibit the comparative measurements of the species, 

 and, to some extent, the amount of variation to which they are subject : 



Comparative Measurements of Species. 



* Of skin, t Measurements taken from Bp and Schl. 



1861.] 25 



