HEREDITARY DISEASES AiVD RACE-CULTURE. 639 



discerned the right decision, express it in few words that not a syllable further 

 be needed. Above all things must the judge be honest, and his chief excellence 

 consists in this, that he is learned aud self-controlled, and keeps himself from 

 forbidden things. Dost thou desire to become a physician? Then must thou 

 learn the theory and practice of medicine. Thou must investigate fire, air, 

 water, and earth. Thou must learn to distinguish the temperament, the san- 

 guine, the choleric, the melancholy, and the phlegmatic, together with their re- 

 lated sources, the blood and the gall, also their corresponding principal organs. 

 Thou must give attention also to the senses and their powers, seeing, hearing, 

 tasting, smelling, and feeling; also to the inner powers, the imagination, mem- 

 ory, and reason; also to the animal powers, activity and repose. By the sick 

 man himself lay thy hand upon the pulse. 



"Dost thou desire to become a poet, so give heed that thy expression in the 

 poems be clear and plain. Shun dark speaking ; write not poetry without im- 

 agery, taste, or art. 



'Dost thou desire to learn music, then must thou be well-habited and 

 friendly, not of evil habit and ungracious. When thou comest into the compauy, 

 be not always playing light songs and melodies, or always playing hard and diffi- 

 cult pieces. For the people assembled are not all of one nature, but are often 

 quite opposed to each other ; as generally men are not all of one taste. There- 

 fore must thou be instructed in all forms of melody and various kinds of instru- 

 ments, that all the people may receive pleasure. 



"Lastly, my son, art thou called to be a ruler guard thyself from all that is 

 forbidden. Reach not out thy hand after another's possession. In all things 

 thou undertakest, first seek to bring thv desire into harmonv with thv under- 

 standing; then begin the matter. In no affair over-haste thyself, but when 

 thou hast hit the fitting time then come to the work. In all things regard con- 

 sequences a ruler must be sharp-sighted, and consider the end. And what- 

 soever possessions thou mayst have, and whatsoever occupations thou mayst 

 pursue, seek always to reflect upon the beginning and the end ; seek to know 

 eternity and to gain the honor of the virtuous, that, among all men, thou mayst 

 be one of the most excellent.'' 



These words show a culture of which no people need be ashamed. 

 Were there power to apply their wisdom in our day, life would enter 

 upon its fuller fruition, and men would be more helpful one to another, 

 because more noble. 



[To be continued.] 



-- 



HEREDITARY DISEASES AXD RACE-CTLTUEE. * 



Br GEOEGE J. PEESTOX, M. D. 



TO any one who will scan the human race, from the time when 

 Greece and Rome were in their zeniths, down to the present day? 

 it will be apparent that men have degenerated physically. We may 

 have high examples, here and there, of some specialized feats of 

 strength or skill, but, taking the races man for man, we are vastly in- 

 ferior physically to the Greeks. One prominent cause of Grecian ex- 



