830 " THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



Bohemian Museum, and here Professor Fritsch has collected and 

 arranged in gradation numerous very remarkable fossils. The im- 

 mense collection of the Silurians, made by Barrande, and given by him 

 to Bohemia, has been left in the apartments in the Chotek Gasse in 

 which the eminent geologist resided. It is hardly possible to con- 

 ceive of its richness in orthoceratites, cyrtoceratites, and trilobites. 

 I saw an example here of the degree to which the love of paleon- 

 tology may be developed, for in the more than humble rooms, where 

 the eminent tutor of the Comte de Chambord passed most of his 

 life, there are collections of primary fossils that cost enormous sums. 

 Barrande was parsimonious toward himself, lavish to science. His 

 collections are to be removed to the museum now in building. A 

 young Czech professor, M. Novak, and a German geologist, Herr 

 Waegen, distinguished for his works on the paleontology of India, 

 are continuing Barrande's labors on the silurian formation of Bohemia. 



Dresden, whose picture-galleries attract artists from all countries, 

 has also greatly improved its galleries of geology and paleontology. 

 Their director, Herr Geinitz, has arranged the fossils in geological 

 order, so as readily to convey an idea of the history of past ages. 

 The creatures of the Permian epoch are particularly well represented. 

 No person has contributed so much as Professor Geinitz to the knowl- 

 edge of that epoch, which was formerly believed to represent a mo- 

 ment of a slackening of the vital forces, but has furnished during sev- 

 eral years past a multitude of fossil plants and animals. 



Berlin has an entirely different character from Vienna. If we 

 were living in pagan times, we might say that in Vienna they would 

 raise statues in honor of Apollo, Minerva, and perhaps Venus, but in 

 Berlin of Mars. Vienna is always panting for pleasures, especially the 

 pleasures of the mind. Berlin, isolated in regions that the moraines 

 of the glacial period left devastated, prefers the hard things of mili- 

 tary life. But the government is interested in science as well as in 

 military affairs, for it knows that intelligence makes strength. A 

 large building has recently been erected in the Invaliden Street for the 

 geological collections of which M. Hauchcome has charge, and an- 

 other for the collections of agricultural arts in which M. Nehring has 

 placed the curious quaternary fauna which he has described as the 

 fauna of the steppes. Between these museums a grand Museum of 

 Natural History is to be built. The university has excellent collec- 

 tions in geology in charge of Professor Beyrieh, and in paleontology 

 under the care of Professor Dames. Among them may be seen the 

 second specimen of the archeeopteryx, which cost three thousand dol- 

 lars. It has the advantage over the specimen in the British Museum 

 of possessing a head, and of showing its fore-limbs, the fingers of 

 which are not united as in existing birds.^ Professor Dames has re- 

 cently published an interesting memoir on this curious creature. 



I might also speak of Russia, where I saw fine collections of fossils 



