ISSr),] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Tl 



from Dudley, which he acknowledges to be Gyathocrinus rugosus 

 Miller, but he expresses the opinion that the arms in the English 

 form are not laterally connected and that it must have had more 

 than five arms. Regarding, therefore, the English form as de- 

 scribed by Miller, Austin and McCoy as distinct from the Goth- 

 land form with reticulated arms, Miiller proposed for the latter 

 the genus Anthocrinus, of which there was but a single species, 

 A. Loveni. 



Angelin (Icon. Crin. Suec, p. 26), with the whole of the excel- 

 lent material from Gothland before him, finds that Anthocrinus 

 Loveni is a synonj^m of Hisinger's Gyathocrinus pulcher, and 

 that it belongs, along with G. rugosus, to Austin's genus Grotalo- 

 crinus, of which he also describes and figures a third species, G, 

 superbus. According to his definition of the genus, there are 

 five arms, connected at their bases by branches and pinnules, and 

 the pinnules, reticulatel^^ connected by narrow transverse joints, 

 form a broad plicatecf net. This reticulate structure, by which 

 all the ramifications of each ray throughout their entire length 

 are united into a net-work, seems to be the principal distinction 

 between this genus and the closely allied Enallocrinus, in which 

 the arm branches are transversely connected for a short distance 

 near the base, but are free for the greater part of their length. 

 Angelin uses the word " pinnules " carelessl}^, and it is evident 

 that in this case it means simplj- the ultimate divisions of the 

 arms. The character intended to be described by Angelin is 

 much better stated by Zittel (Handb, d. Pal., i, p. 356), and Jo- 

 hannes Miiller (1853, Berl. Akad., pp. 187-192). 



Generic Diagnosis. The calyx is constructed very similar to 

 that of the Cyathocrinidas. Its form is subglobose ; its sym- 

 metry bilateral. "With arms closed, the Crinoid resembles an 

 elongated bud with folded leaves. With outspread arms its 

 figure is that of a flattened disk with five deep, narrow, lanceolate 

 areas, which separate the rays. 



Base dicyclic, TJnderbasals 5, small, pentangular. Basals 5, 

 large, hexagonal and octagonal. Primary radials 2X5 ; the first 

 wider than high, excavated in the middle of the distal face for 

 the reception of a very small trigonal, bifurcating second radial, 

 upon which the arms originate and bifurcate in much the same 

 manner as in Marsupiocrinus. The lateral margins of the first 

 radials are very deeply incurved, extending between the arm 



