90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1886. 



SYMBATHOCRINUS Phillips. 



(PI. 4, figs. 8 to 11, and PI. 5, figs. 12 to 14.) 



183G. Phillips, Geol. Yorksh., Pt. ii, p. 20G. 



1843. Austin (in part), Monogr, Rec. and Foss. Crin., p. 93. 



1850. D'Orbigny, Prodrome de Paleont., i, p. 156. 



1853. Owen and Shumard, Geol. Surv. la., Wise, and Minns., p. 597. 



1854. McCoy, Syn. Brit. Palaeoz. Toss. 



1858. Hall, Geol. Rep. Iowa, Vol. i, Pt. ii, p. 559. 

 1868, Meek and Worthen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 324. 

 1873. Meek and Worthen, Geol. Rep. 111., Vol. v, pp. 324 and 437. 

 1875. Meek and Worthen, Geol. Rep. 111., Vol. vi, p. 514. 



1879. Zittel, Handb. d. Palaeontologie, i, p. 349. 



1880. Wetherby, Journ. Cincin. Soc. Nat. Hist. (Extr., p. 7). 



Not SymbatJiocrinus Roemer 1855, Mi'iUer 1855, Schultze 1866 = 

 Stylocrinus Sandberger. 



The genus Symbathocrinus, as it is now recognized, contains 

 two distinct generic types. The one which occurs in the Car- 

 boniferous and upper Devonian has a large anal plate, and this 

 supports a long tube which extends to nearly the whole length 

 of the arms. The other form, which is restricted to the lower 

 Devonian, has no anal plate, nor does it show an anal opening. 

 The Carboniferous form will be recognized by us as Symbatho- 

 crinus, the other as Stylocrinus. 



When Phillips proposed the name Sijmbathocrinus he gave no 

 description, he only stated that the " pelvis " was " anchylosed." 

 The two Austins described Phillips' species, but they also took 

 the base to be undivided, and nothing was said by them about an 

 anal plate, although they indicated it in one of their figures 

 (Monograph, PI. 12, fig. 4 6). Their fig. 4 a is a totally different 

 thing, and represents either a Graphiocrinus or Scytalocrinus. 

 Owen and Shumard discovered the base of Symbathocrinus to be 

 tripartite, and Prof. Hall was the first to desci'ibe the anal plate. 

 The muscle-plate was taken by Zittel, and formerly by us, for a 

 so-called consolidating apparatus, like the similar structure in 

 Cupressocrinus, and homologous with the oral plates. It was 

 also the general belief that the central space was not closed, and 

 represented the mouth. 



Symbathocrinus granulatus and S. Tennessece Troost are cata- 

 logue names, S. tabulatus (Goldfass) a Scytalocrinus, and S. 

 tennesseensis E-oemer a Pisocrinus. 



Qeneric Diagnosis. Calyx small. Dorsal cup obconical or 



