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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



material like gutta-jiercha, if of the middle shape, like that of an ordi- 

 nary Englishman, might, by pressure at the sides, be made long like a 

 negro's, or by pressure at back and front be brought to the broad Tar- 

 tar form. In the above figure it may be noticed that while some 



Fig. 3. Side View of Skulls, d, Australian, prognathous ; e, African, prognathous ; /, European, 



orthognathous. 



skulls, as b, have a somewhat elliptical form, others, as a, are ovoid, 

 having the longest cross diameter considerably behind the center. 

 Also in some classes of skulls, as in a, the zygomatic arches connecting 

 the skull and face are fully seen ; while in others, as h and c, the bulg- 

 ing of the skull almost hides them. In the front and back view of 

 skulls, the proportion of w^idth to height is taken in much the same 



Fig. 4. a, Swalieli ; b, Persian. 



way as the index of breadth just described. Next Fig. 3, which rep- 

 resents in profile the skulls of an Australian ((/), a negro {e), and an 

 Englishman (/), shows the strong difference in the facial angle be- 

 tween the two lower races and our own. The Australian and African 



