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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



mulatto, called quadroon or quarter-blood, and so on ; on the other 

 hand, the descendants of negro and mulatto, called sambo, return tow- 

 ard the full negro type. This intermediate character is the general 

 nature of crossed races, but with more or less tendency to revert to 

 one or other of the parent types. To illustrate this. Fig. 10 gives the 

 portrait of a Malay mother and her half-caste daughters, the father 

 being a Spaniard ; here, while all the children show their mixed race, 

 it is sometimes the European and sometimes the Malay cast of feat- 

 ures that prevails. The effect of mixture is also traceable in the hair, 

 as may often be well noticed in a mulatto's crimped, curly locks, be- 

 tween the straighter European and the woolly African kind. The 

 Cafusas of Brazil, a peculiar cross between the native tribes of the 

 land and the imported negro slaves, are remarkable for their hair, 

 which rises in a curly mass, forming a natural periwig which obliges 

 the wearers to stoop low in passing through their hut-doors. This is 

 seen in the portrait of a Cafusa (Fig. 11), and seems easily accounted 

 for by the long stiff hair of the native American having acquired in 

 some degree the negro frizziness. 



Fig. 14. Soi:th Australian (Man). 



Fig. 15. South Australian (Woman). 



Within the last few centuries it is well known that a large fraction 

 of the world's population has actually come into existence by race- 

 crossing. This is nowhere so evident as on the American Continent, 

 where since the Spanish conquest such districts as Mexico are largely 

 peopled b)^ the mestizo descendants of Spaniards and native Ameri- 

 cans, while the importation of African slaves in the West Indies has 

 given rise to a mulatto population. By taking into account such inter- 



