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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, 



broM'iiisli-wliite skin, black or deep-brown eyes, black hair, mostly wavy 

 or cnrly ; their skulls vary much in proportions, though seldom ex- 

 tremely broad or narrow, while the profile is upright, the nose straight 

 or aquiline, the lips less full than in other races. Fig. 23, a group of 

 Swedes, represents the fair-whites, whose transparent skin, flaxen hair, 

 and blue eyes may be seen as well, though not as often, in England as 

 in Scandinavia or North Germany. The intermarriage of the clark and 

 fair varieties, which has gone on since early times, has resulted in num- 

 berless varieties of brown-haired people, between fair and dark in com- 

 plexion. But as to the origin and first home of the fair and dark races 



Fig. 24. Gtpst. 



themselves, it is hard to form an oi:)inion. Language does much 

 toward tracing the early history of the white nations, but it does not 

 clear u)) the difliculty of separating fair-whites from dark-whites. 

 Both sorts have been living united by national language, as at this 

 day German is spoken by the fair Hanoverian and the darker Austrian. 

 Among Keltic people, the Scotch Highlanders often remind us of the 

 tall, red-haired Gauls described in classical history, but there are also 

 passages which prove that smaller darker Kelts like the modern Welsh 

 and Bretons existed then as well. A mixture of the white and brown 

 races seems to have largely formed the population of countries where 

 they meet. The Moors of North Africa, and many so-called Arabs 



