ANCIENT COPPER-MINES OF ISLE P OVALE. 601 



in the bracing air of a highland region, the efficacy of the grape-cure 

 surpasses all the miracles of the king's touch. It will cure children, 

 "too scrofulous to look out of their eyes," cheaper and quicker than 

 any nostrums, and has the still greater advantage of eliminating in- 

 stead of suppressing the virus. 



Those who deny the pharmaceutic efficacy of the homoeopathic 

 sugar-pellets can not deny that, in this case, homoeopathy has proved 

 the possibility of curing diseases without any drugs at all merely by 

 a change of diet and regimen. Frugality, abstinence, bathing, venti- 

 lation, cold water, and exercise in the open air, have already superseded 

 half the Qnateria of the old medical dogmatists, and personal experi- 

 ence has convinced me that the following diseases of children are 

 amenable to a strictly hygienic treatment. 



-- 



ANCIENT COPPEK-MINES OF ISLE KOYALE. 



By Professor N, H. WINCHELL. 



THESE mijies are rude, irregularly disposed, shallow pits in the 

 general surface, which, on being cleared of rubbish, are found 

 rarely to exceed the depth of ten feet, but in some instances reach the 

 depth of twenty. They seem to have been located by the accidental 

 outcropping of native copper, over large areas the rock being entirely 

 bare. In other cases, the mining seems to have been systematically 

 prosecuted along the strike of a known copper-bearing belt of rock. 

 In this case it is a rock of marked lithological characters, being of a 

 red color, and, when once its trend was established by a series of pits, 

 it was followed under the drift-materials, that were thrown off into 

 heaps, in which are found, mingled with charred wood and other relics, 

 a great many stone hammers. In one instance, a cross-drift ran under 

 a rude archway from one red belt to another, through a thin partition 

 of darker rock ; but, in general, no planning for easy excavation or 

 skillful and prolonged effort in the operations of the miners can be 

 discovered. So far as can be ascertained, they resorted to tl^e very 

 simplest and most laborious methods of excavation in the rock, using 

 their stone hammers, wielded in the hands alone, sometimes aided 

 l^erhaps by the application of heat, and by repeated blows battered and 

 broke away the rock surrounding the copper masses. When once a 

 mass was detached or sufficiently uncovered, it was parted into smaller 

 pieces by the same means. Some of the masses found, being too large 

 for removal from the pits, show the marks of long-continued pound- 

 ing, and about them in the pits are a great many small, thin chips of 

 metallic copper, of irregular shapes, with concavo-convex surfaces, 

 exactly such as would be produced by battering a small nugget of 



