LITERARY NOTICES. 



855 



they interfere with the labor of our people ; 

 that they send money out of the country ; 

 that they have set up a quasi government of 

 their o'n upon our soil; and that they do 

 not accommodate themselves to the require- 

 ments of our life." That they are a vicious 

 people has been argued from their sexual 

 immorality, which, however, is not greater 

 than would be expected in a celibate com- 

 munity like that of the Chinese in Califor- 

 nia. 



4. As to the fear of an overflowing im- 

 migration of the Chinese, in case immigra- 

 tion should be freely permitted, the fact is 

 that the Chinese are not, and never have 

 been, a migratory people, but are, on the 

 contrary, more strongly attached to their 

 native soil than the people of any Western 

 nation except, perhaps, the French. They 

 have not even " settled up " their own out- 

 lying districts, as Formosa, central and 

 northern Manchooria, and the vast regions 

 of inner Mongolia. And it is to be added 

 that the demand for Chinese labor in 

 California lessens yearly as the country is 

 cleared up. The whole question is one that 

 could safely be left to the operation of 

 natural laws, social and economic. As it 

 stands, it has been sadly muddled by gov- 

 ernmental interference. 



Mr. Seward does not deal with the phil- 

 osophic aspects of the question, though 

 they are constantly suggested by his book. 

 One can not leave it without perceiving, for 

 instance, the strong side of the Chinese 

 conservatism. The rulers of China see 

 that conservatism, ancient routine, the es- 

 tablished order of things, mean a condition 

 of stable equilibrium for the people, or, in 

 the terminology of our day, that the indi- 

 vidual nation is adjusted to its environment ; 

 and they wisely refuse to break up this ad- 

 justment by the too hasty introduction of 

 foreign works or devices of any kind. At 

 the present writing the Chinese policy seems 

 to us a sounder one than that of Japan, 

 where the changes introduced within twenty 

 years are such as to imperil the institutions 

 which had been perfecting themselves for 

 many centuries. But inquiries like this are 

 outside of the province of this work ; mean- 

 while, Mr. Seward has given us a full, in- 

 telligent, and temperate treatment of the 

 whole question of Chinese immigration, 



which, he thinks, within bounds, would be 

 wisely encouraged. 



Discovery of Paleolithic Flint Imple- 

 ments IN Upper Egypt. Py Professor 

 Henry W. Haynes. Pp. 5, with Seven 

 Plates. 



MM. Brugsch, Mariette, and Chabas, 

 have denied that any palaeolithic imple- 

 ments occurred in Egypt ; M. Arcelin, Dr. 

 Hamy, M. Lenormant, the Abbe Richard, 

 and Sir John Lubbock, have asserted that 

 they have found them. The general im- 

 pression has been that the stone implements 

 of Egypt, which were always used ceremo- 

 nially in the embalming process, were all 

 neolithic, and of historic times. The au- 

 thor went to look for himself, and claims 

 that he found near Cairo, and near Helouan, 

 in the desert, and in the valley west of 

 Thebes, palseolithic implements of the true 

 St. Acheul type, with the other forms that 

 usually occur with them, some of which were 

 exhibited in Paris, and have been referred to 

 in articles by M. de Mortillet and himself, 

 which have been published in " The Popu- 

 lar Science Monthly." Sixty illustrations 

 of the implements are given in the plates to 

 the present work. 



A Memorial of Joseph Henry. Published 

 by order of Congress. "Washington: 

 Government Printing-Office. Pp. 528. 



A PUBLIC commemoration of the ser- 

 vices of Joseph Henry in behalf of the 

 Smithsonian Institution and of scientific 

 progress in America was held, under the 

 auspices of the Regents of the Institution 

 in conjunction with the two Houses of Con- 

 gress, on the 16th of January, 1879. The 

 present volume contains the verbatim report 

 of the proceedings on the occasion, pub- 

 lished under the direction of Congress, to- 

 gether with the addresses which were de- 

 livered at other memorial meetings, of 

 Princeton College, and several scientific so- 

 cieties. In the memorial services at the 

 Capitol, Professor Asa Gray, in behalf of 

 the Board of Regents, gave a brief state- 

 ment of the life, studies, experiments, dis- 

 coveries, and general scientific work of Pro- 

 fessor Henry ; Professor W. B. Rogers made 

 a special review of his electrical studies and 

 discoveries. Mr. Garfield showed how, when 



