HOW THE EARTH WAS PEOPLED. 



753 



swept over a portion of the States of Missouri, Illinois, and Wisconsin, 

 on the memorable evening of May 18, 1883. By this storm, sixty-five 

 persons were killed and two hundred wounded in the State of Illinois 

 alone ; and yet the percentage of lives lost was small compared with 

 the immense value of property destroyed. 



As the matter now stands, the tornado seems to remain a problem 

 that baffles science a veritable despot in the economy of nature. The 

 puny arm of man is powerless against it ; no structure he can rear will 

 successfully resist it, coming off unscathed in the conflict ; and no de- 

 vice his mind can plan will turn it aside from its chosen course. Ex- 

 perience has amply demonstrated that the safest place in the hour of 

 such danger is found in some subterranean retreat. 



-*- 



HOW THE EAETH WAS PEOPLED. 



By M. le Marquis G. Db SAPORTA. 



II. 



IT follows from the exposition given in our former article that man, 

 issuing from a " mother-region " still undetermined, but which a 

 number of considerations indicate to have been in the North, has radi- 

 ated in several directions ; that his migrations have been constantly 

 from north to south ; and that they have given rise to races the more 

 ancient of which went farthest and were the most inferior. The supe- 

 rior races were those which, migrating later and becoming localized in 

 peculiarly favorable climatic conditions, have risen gradually to what 

 we call civilization. 



M. de Mortillet has occupied himself with this progress, and, per- 

 suaded that existing mankind is only a resultant, and the last term of 

 a series of successive transformations, distinguishes between several 

 men, as tertiary man, quaternary man, existing man. The man of the 

 ancient quaternary, the Neanderthal, the Denise, and the Canstadt 

 man, appear to him so different from the historical type, that not only 

 does he separate them from it, but he creates for the times anterior to 

 the quaternary a human or pseudo-human category of a particular 

 order. There were, in his view, " precursors of man," to which he 

 applies the significant name of cmthropopithecKS, or " man-monkey," 

 because he believes they preceded man in the scale of beings, and con- 

 stituted an intermediate type between the living anthropomorphic apes 

 and man. We should then have to deal with a creature high enough 

 above the gorilla and the chimpanzee to know how to cut flints and 

 use fire, low enough not to be able to rise above that industrial grade- 

 and become a real man ; or with a race standing to the Bushman and 

 Tasmanian as they seem to stand to us. Theology does not abso- 

 vol. xxiii. 48 



