48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 



River, Crow Creek, and Pole Creek ; this is a dividing ridge capped 

 by conglomerate in many places, and under this on Low Wet, 

 Little Crow Creek, etc., miocene beds with Oreodon, Titanothe- 

 rium and fresh-water turtles. The gravel beds of Crow Creek 

 may be quaternary ? but they seem made up from the decomposed 

 capping north of us, and at Golden City apparently underly the 

 newer tertiary beds, capped with basalt ? 



Continuing our course about N". 15 east we reach Crow Creek 

 again in the evening ; passing over a bed of lignite or tertiary 

 coal. Prame very sandy and dry ; formation soft sandstone and 

 clay beds. 



Oct. 25. Course about N. 11 to 17 east, following Crow Creek 

 three or four miles. I noticed in two places in the steep bluffs 

 bordering the stream the burnt stones and black carbonaceous 

 remains of old fireplaces, from four to eight feet below the present 

 surface. 



At 11 A.M. we again leave Crow Creek, and begin to cross 

 another large bend in that stream. We are in sight of bright, 

 white bluffs north of us and directly in our course. These are the 

 white or chalk bluffs, that extend west to near the foot of the 

 black hills and on the boundary between Colorado and Wyoming 

 Territories, on the parallel of 41 N. Antelopes abound here, 

 we saw also to-day sixteen wild horses, which at the first sight of 

 our men went off at a rattling pace; the patriarch of the flock, a 

 fine black stallion, driving the rest before him. 



Passing over a flat well-grassed prairie bottom we reach at 1 P.M. 

 some long low ridges, that insensibly ai*e lost in a low flat bottom, 

 bordering a small dry affluent of Crow Creek. 



Halting here to await the arrival of the party some two miles 

 back, I strolled over the ridges to pick up specimens of agates 

 or fossils ; while so occupied I found at the foot of the first ridge 

 the evidences of the deserted site of an ancient village; the stone 

 heaps and circles, the projecting and polished boulders, the stray 

 flint tools and weapons, the multitudes of broken flakes or frag- 

 ments left in the primeval workshop ; while all around dispersed 

 in rude circles, the boulders of quartzite, of jaspery rocks, yellow, 

 red, or gray, nowhere else " in situ," speak of some method or 

 manner of industry, totally unlike our more modern Indian or 

 mound builder's vestiges. 



I made a sketch of this locality, marked A A a on the map, and 



[June 25, 



