30O NATURAL SCIENCE. Nov., 



glory of the Institute than for their own reputation. They are with- 

 out jealousies and rivalries. They despise money. M. Duclaux 

 gives a quarter of his salary as sub-director to the young investi- 

 gators' refectory. Last year M. Roux had a salary of 7,000 francs. 

 Against his will it was raised, and, being unable to refuse it, he put 

 the additional three thousand francs in the common purse." This is 

 that M. Roux whom the emissaries of the anti-vaccination fanatics 

 delight to abuse as a money-seeking charlatan. 



London and Chicago : a Contrast. 



To those of us who are " aweary, aweary, because a real London 

 University cometh not," Mr. Herricks' account (in Scnhner's Magazine 

 for October) of the tropical growth of the Chicago University, brings 

 an admiring envy. " Magnificent buildings, an endowment of over 

 six million dollars bestowed in the short period of four years, and a 

 generous annual budget for current expenses may not make a 

 university, but they create the material condition all essential for any 

 ideal enterprise." These generous materials for a university have 

 come from the liberality of Mr. Rockefeller and of the municipality 

 of Chicago itself. 



A curious difference between the hard and fast rules of an 

 English University and the flexible ordinances of Chicago is seen in 

 the regulations for attendance. At Chicago each course lasts twelve 

 weeks. A student may reside only one term in the year, and thus 

 spread out the duration of his studies indefinitely. Already, many 

 who are usually deprived of the opportunity for university study by 

 the necessity for continuous residence, have matriculated with the 

 intention of working one term a year, earning their living during the 

 remainder of the year, and spreading out their course over many 

 years. The Scots universities, by limiting their sessions to six winter 

 months, used to attract many students of this kind ; and a number of 

 Scotsmen who rose to great distinction were labourers or fishermen 

 for six months, university students for the other six. 



An interesting feature of Chicago is the preponderance of post- 

 graduate study. Every possible facility is given for this, and in the 

 present year over three hundred graduates, one-third of the total 

 number of students, were in residence. The attraction to these is the 

 doctor's degree, which, in the fashion of German universities, is to be 

 obtained only after special research work. Thirty thousand dollars a 

 year are offered in fellowships and scholarships to such students : 

 many of the department libraries are reserved for their use, and it 

 seems likely that Chicago is to be the home of a great body of 

 investigators. 



It is this last matter that touches the raw of London most surely. 

 The scattered existing institutions provide tolerably for young students 

 and for elementary work ; but there is less facility for research in 

 London than in the smallest continental university town. Here and 



