352 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 



General Summary: All species of birds . 91 — 



[June, 



Totals. 



"Warningly colored" species 

 Others "specially defended". 

 "Non-protected" species 



Ac- 

 cepted. 



169 + 

 111 

 213 + 



Re- 

 jected. 



43 + 

 24 



52 + 



Dis- 

 regarded. 



27 

 6 + 

 9 



Percent- Percent- 

 age age dis- 

 rejected. regarded. 



17.99 

 17.02 

 18.97 



11.29 

 4.25 

 3.28 



It appears from this final summary that Judd's captive birds 

 rejected practically the same proportion of the " non-protected" 

 species offered them as of the "specially protected" group. The 

 result, therefore, is quite different from that reached in some other 

 series of experiments. Although it harmonizes with what we believe 

 is the average influence of preclaceous animals, as a whole, upon their 

 prey, i.e., an indiscriminate one, it is no more worthy of respect 

 than other experimental results, for the behavior of the animals 

 experimented with did not correspond with the natural habits of 

 their species. This is amply shown by the cases (a few not noted) 

 in which the birds would not eat articles of food that have been 

 found in" the stomachs of wild individuals of the same species. 

 This is more than 38 per cent, of all the items (not specimens) 

 offered that were either disregarded or rejected; if so large a pro- 

 portion of the experimental results are manifestly untrustworthy, 

 the only safe course is to place reliance in none of them. 



11 Includes Buieo platypterus, Archilochus colubris, Passer domesticus, Junco 

 hyemalis, Zonotrichia albicollis, and Toxostoma rufum, for which no summaries 

 were presented in previous pages. 



