386 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [July. 



Sub-family TREMOCTOPODIN^E. 



Genus TREMOCTOPUS Delle Chiaje, 1S29. 



Tremoctopus violaceus Delle Chiaje, 1S29. 



Tremoctopus violaceus Delle Chiaje, 1829, pis. 70, 71 (fide Wulker). 

 Tremoctopus violaceus Jatta, 1896, p. 204, pi. 6, fig. 2; pi. 20, figs. 1-18. 

 Tremoctopus violaceus Wulker, 1910, p. 5. 



Distribution. — Coast of Boshu, Sagami Sea (Wulker). Mediter- 

 ranean Sea. 



Family POLYPODID^E Hoyle, 1904. 



Genus POLYPUS Schneider, 1784. 



That the genus Polypus attains an especially large development 

 on the coasts of Japan is attested by the formidable list of names 

 which have at one time or another been ascribed to this area, and 

 that despite the fact that, so far as members of this group are con- 

 cerned, the deeper waters off shore are still practically a terra incognita. 

 P. januarii being the only abyssal species thus far reported. How- 

 ever, the true number belonging to the fauna is somewhat obscured 

 by the lack of sufficient diagnosis or other needful information 

 respecting several of the alleged species. The following list is 

 thought to include all the names which occur in the literature: 



Polypus vulgaris Lamarck. P. hongkongensis Hoyle. 



P. granulatus Lamarck ( =rugo- P. dofleini Wulker. 



sus Bosc). P. pictus fasciatus Hoyle. 



P. macropus Risso ( =cuvieri P. areolatus De Haan. 



d'Orbigny). P. ocellatus Gray. 



P. kagoshiniensis Ortmann. P. broehi Ortmann. 



P. globosus Appellof. P. fang-siao d'Orbigny. 1 



P. pusillus Gould. P. sinensis d'Orbigny. 1 



P. januarii Steenstrup. P. nienibranaceus Quoy and Gai- 



mard. 



Polypus vulgaris (Lamarck, 1799). 



Octopus vulgaris Lamarck, 1799, p. IS (fide Jatta). 



Octopus octopodia Tryon, 1879, p. 113, pi. 23, figs. 3, 4 (after d'Orbigny); 



pi. 24, figs. 5, 6 (after d'Orbigny); pi. 24, fi>>;. 7 (after Jeffreys). 

 Octopus vulgaris Appellof, 1886, p. 7. 

 Octopus vulgaris Ortmann, 1888, p. 642. 

 Polypus vulgaris Wulker, 1910, p. 5. 



As I have had no European specimens of P. vulgaris available 

 for comparison, I cannot feel personally certain that the following- 

 specimens are correctly referred to this species, but I think little 

 doubt exists that they are conspecific with the form so identified 



1 Octopus Fang-siao and Octopus sinensis are names applied by d'Orbigny 

 to certain rude illustrations of Chinese or Japanese origin and published by him 

 without any real diagnosis. They arc nearly or quite unrecognizable and probably 

 can never have any standing. Appellof has suggested that O. Fang-siao belongs 

 to the synonymy of O. ocellatus. Tryon refers O. sinensis without hesitation 

 to O. membranaceus, Hoyte somewhat dubiously unites it with O. areolatus, 

 while Appellof places it with a query under O. vulgaris. 



