1912.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 497 



are well marked, but not sufficiently well preserved to indicate the 

 amount or complexity of the cerebral substance. The lateral 

 sinuses, the grooves for the meningeal arteries, and the Torcular 

 Herophili are all easily made out, and there is every indication that 

 the foramen magnum was unusually large. 



Although fragmentary, this material is of no little importance, 

 especially when taken in connection with what my son has pointed 

 out in his above-quoted letter. It is to be hoped that a great deal 

 more material will come to hand from the same country, including 

 such objects as pottery, weapons, tools, ornaments, idols, etc., as 

 well as a series of good photographs of remains of buildings, character 

 of country and other data so as to furnish as complete a report as 

 possible on this prehistoric people and the little-known country they 

 inhabited. 



Explanation of Plates XIX, XX, XXI. 



[All the figures in the three plates are reproductions of photographs made by 

 the author direct from the specimens.] 



Plate XIX. — Fig. 1. — Portion of the left side of the skull, broken into five (5) 

 pieces, and restored by the author, tm., temporal bone; zyg., zygomatic 

 process of temporal; ms., mastoid process; c, condyle for atlas; p.c.f., 

 posterior condyloid foramen; oc, occipital bone, broken into four (4) 

 parts; s.s., squamosal suture; l.s., lambdoid suture. The longest diameter 

 of the portion of this skull here shown, taken from the end of the zygomatic 

 process to the occiput, measures in the specimen 16.2 cms.; the same 

 diameter measures on the figure 14.3 cms. The ratio gives the amount 

 of reduction. 



Plate XX. — Fig. 2. — One of the cervical vertebrae seen from above. The 

 spinous process broken off, together with lower border of lamina. This 

 is probably the fourth to the sixth cervical vertebra, from the skeleton 

 of not a large subject. Sex unknown. I have not compared it with the 

 vertebras of this part of the spine in the skeletons of known subjects. 

 Transverse diameter of body in specimen 1.9 cms.; in this figure on the 

 plate, 1.6 cms. This will give the ratio of reduction for all the other 

 bones shown on this plate. 



Fig. 3. — Fragment of superior maxillary bone seen on direct lateral aspect; 

 first and second molar teeth in situ. 



Fig. 4. — Five other teeth, a canine (which belonged to the bone shown in 

 fig. 3) (d); a first bicuspid (e); and three molars (a, b, and c). All, save 

 the canine, probably belonged to the other side of this jaw. 



Fig. 5. — First metacarpal bone of left hand; lateral aspect. The distal 

 extremity is toward the centre of the plate. In the specimen, the longi- 

 tudinal axis measures 4.4 cms. 



Fig. 6. — Vertebral extremity of the second rib of the right side, with a small 

 part of the shaft. Head fractured off. 



Fig. 7. — Portion of jaw; ramus of left side, with condyle and coronoid 

 process perfect. Inner aspect, showing process overhanging inferior 

 dental foramen. 



Fig. 8. — Clavicle of left side, anterior aspect; sternal and acromial extremi- 

 ties broken off. The characters of this bone indicate that it belonged 

 to a female subject, or at least to a person who was not accustomed to 

 perform severe and continuous labor. 



