1911.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 517 



of villiform teeth. Apparently no other teeth. Upper and lower 

 buccal folds present, upper well developed. Tongue thick, fleshy, 

 end thickened conic tip, not free. Mandible shallow, rami low, 

 and surface convex. Nostrils small, anterior larger, a trifle nearer 

 eye than upper jaw end, and posterior inconspicuous opposite front 

 eye edge medianly. Interorbital convex. Hind preopercle edge 

 straight, nearly vertical or but slightly inclined forward. Membrane 

 along hind edge of gill-opening narrow. 



Gill-opening extends forward about midway in head. Rakers 

 3 + 8, short, weak, rather fleshy and rather conic, about 3 in fila- 

 ments. Latter lj in eye. No pseudobranchise. Isthmus broadly 

 convex, membrane forming rather broad free fold across. Branchi- 

 ostegals 5, rather long, narrow. 



Scales rather large, well exposed, finely ctenoid, in longitudinal 

 series, and a little smaller on breast than elsewhere on trunk. Fins 

 scaleless, except caudal base, and that covered with numerous 

 small scales. Head largely naked, except 3 series of scales on cheek, 

 3 rows on opercular region, and occipital region. No pointed axillary 

 scaly flaps. On mandible below 4 pores on each ramus, and along- 

 each preopercular edge 4 more large pores. L. 1. interrupted below 

 front of soft dorsal, begins at shoulder and curves up till a little 

 above eye, after which nearly straight. Lower portion of 1. 1. begins 

 opposite end of upper, well below eye, straight or horizontal, and 

 extends out on caudal base. Tubes simple, well exposed, in some 

 cases nearly or quite to edges of scales. 



Spinous dorsal inserted nearer snout tip in vertical than rayed 

 dorsal origin, spines graduated up to fourth after which subequal to 

 tenth, and then last graduated still a trifle longer. Edge of spinous 

 dorsal deeply notched, tip of each spine with a well-developed 

 cutaneous flap. Rayed dorsal with postero-median rays longest, 

 forming an elongated point to fin, begins before end of upper 1. 1. 

 or beginning of lower 1. 1., and edge entire. Anal with spinous 

 origin about opposite twelfth dorsal spine base, spines graduated 

 up to last, which longest, membranes notched, and tip of each spine 

 with a well-developed free cutaneous flap. Rayed anal like rayed 

 dorsal, and origin of fin about opposite that of rayed dorsal, with 

 postero-median rays longest, and edge entire. Caudal with hind 

 margin convex, median rays longest. Pectoral large, long, fin 

 reaches opposite second anal spine base, superior rays longest- 

 Ventral origin a little behind that of pectoral, fin pointed, reaches 

 anal origin, spine strong and about 2 in fin. Vent close before anal.. 



