344 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



canis from modern Canes, or Pliocene horses from modern horses. If 

 so, he would most undoubtedly be a man — genus Homo — even if you 

 made him a distinct species. For my part, I should by no means be 

 astonished to find the genus Homo represented in the Miocene, say, the 

 Neanderthal man, with rather smaller brain capacity, longer arms and 

 more movable great toe, but at most specifically different." 



In his work 'On Man's Place in Nature/ while referring to the other 

 higher Quadrumana, Huxley dwelt principally on the chimpanzee and 

 the gorilla, because, he said, "It is quite certain that the ape, which most 

 nearly approaches man in the totality of its organization, is either the 

 chimpanzee or the gorilla." 



This is no doubt the case at present; but the gibbons (Hylobates), 

 while differing more in size, and modified in adaptation to their more 

 skilful power of climbing, must also be considered, and, to judge from 

 Professor Dubois' remarkable discovery in Java of Pithecanthropus, 

 which half the authorities have regarded as a small man, and half as a 

 large gibbon, it is rather down to Hylobates than either the chimpanzee 

 or the gorilla that we shall have to trace the point where the line of our 

 far-away ancestors will meet that of any existing genus of monkeys. 



Huxley emphasized the fact that monkeys differ from one another 

 in bodily structure as much or more than they do from man. 



We have Haeckel's authority for the statement that "after Darwin 

 had, in 1859, reconstructed this most important biological theory, and 

 by his epoch-making theory of natural selection placed it on an entirely 

 new foundation, Huxley was the first who extended it to man; and, in 

 1863, in his celebrated three lectures on 'Man's Place in Nature/ admir- 

 ably worked out its most important developments." 



The work was so well and carefully done that it stood the test of 

 time, and, writing many years afterwards, Huxley was able to say, and to 

 say truly, that: 



"I was looking through 'Man's Place in Nature' the other day; I do 

 not think there is a word I need delete, nor anything I need add except 

 in confirmation and extension of the doctrine there laid down. That is 

 great good fortune for a book thirty years old, and one that a very 

 shrewd friend of mine implored me not to publish, as it would certainly 

 ruin all my prospects" ('Life of Professor Huxley/ p. 344). 



He has told us elsewhere ('Collected Essays/ vii., p. 11) that "it has 

 achieved the fate which is the Euthanasia of a scientific work, of being 

 inclosed among the rubble of the foundations of knowledge and forgot- 

 ten." He has, however, himself saved it from the tomb, and built it into 

 the walls of the temple of science, and it will still well repay the atten- 

 tion of the student. 



For a poor man — I mean poor in money, as Huxley was all his life — 



