SMOKING AND FOOTBALL MEN 339 



and only 16.6 per cent, of the non-smokers obtained places on the 

 varsity teams. It is clear from the above that the concluding sentence 

 means nothing unless the number of smokers and of non-smokers con- 

 testing is given. 



The conclusion that smokers stand but little chance with non- 

 smokers in obtaining places on football squads is not only shown by the 

 total of the six institutions, but is similarly shown in each of the six. 

 It should be observed here that the introduction of data from a single 

 institution departing radically from the general trend of all others 

 would influence very largely the average of the total. In such a case 

 the average would be wholly unreliable. But in the case at hand where 

 not only the total of the six institutions point in a given direction, but 

 also each of the six, the average very closely approximates the truth. 



The following table shows the inferiority of the smokers in each of 

 the six institutions reporting: 



The following table gives the names of the institutions reporting 

 and the number of smokers and non-smokers in each. Very incomplete 

 data were submitted by three other institutions, two of which appended 

 notes to the effect that the information was not wholly reliable. In the 

 third institution the football squad contained no smokers. It may be 

 well to state that the University of Utah is not included in any of the 

 computations, as the team contained no smokers and, further, none of 

 the men who tried for positions were smokers. 



* It will be noted that no smokers obtained places on this team. In conse- 

 quence of this the data from this institution are not used elsewhere in this 

 investigation. 



