358 TEE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



rails laid by science, is working for good and not for evil, and that the 

 things commonly criticized are but transient phases of a great move- 

 ment, which, in its main features, is making for the advance of the race 

 and toward the very highest ideals. 



Let me again remind you that industrialism is but another name for 

 science in action. The pure science of the study or laboratory it is not. 

 This same science joined to some form of worldly ambition is indus- 

 trialism. Therefore, where science leads, it must follow. It is, I claim, 

 the most dependent upon science of all purely worldly activities. These 

 things I shall attempt to make clear as I proceed. Trace forward what 

 science must do for us, and we shall comprehend whither industrial- 

 ism is leading . 



Do not forget these truths : It is science that is dominating this age, 

 this twentieth century, and not industrialism. Science works through 

 industrialism. Science dominates industrialism. Science corrects the 

 evils it itself creates. Science has not only changed the forms and con- 

 ditions of our physical existence, it has altered our mental life, has con- 

 trolled our views and changed the basis upon which rest our fears, 

 hopes and opinions. The old forms of culture have been so long present 

 as factors in the life of the race, that it is hopeless to trace out their due 

 contribution to society. Causes have slowly fused with effects, and in- 

 fluences, at first external, have become internal, a part of life itself. 

 Not so with the newest type of culture. Science is now at work re- 

 making the world, primarily a force from without. Its first great ef- 

 fect is spiritual rather than material. It has spread through humanity 

 a spirit of optimism. It has made optimists of every one, especially of 

 the common man. So much has been accomplished by science, although 

 but vaguely comprehended, that the ordinary man deems all things pos- 

 sible. Science, through its many phases and effects, has become the 

 moral sunshine of modern life. It warms and cheers and gives a joy 

 and hope to this present life that former generations but hesitatingly 

 attributed to a future existence. 



I shall now illustrate the way in which science corrects the evils it 

 itself creates, and show that the dangers brought in by the new culture 

 are merely transient. Science, the father of industrialism, is the ulti- 

 mate parent of that tremendous exploitation of the natural wealth of 

 the world which in two generations has spent more of our coal, iron and 

 many other resources than were used by all of the preceding generations. 

 Science has created the problem of conservation. Now I read nowhere 

 in the books of the conservationists that science is the real criminal that 

 has caused our natural resources to be exploited. Perhaps I find it not 

 there, because science, now the prosecutor, must forget its own crimes. 



Science has not only created the problem of conservation, but it has 

 spread abroad a spirit of optimism that makes men believe that all will 



