144 CRUSTACEA. 



from the second, is an elongated and movable spine, six on each side* 

 Inclosed in the inferior cavity, and disposed in pairs on two longitu- 

 nal ranges, are ten fin-like feet, almost similar in form to the two last, 

 but simply united at base, laid one on the other, and bearing, on 

 their posterior face, the branchiae which appear to be composed of 

 numerous and crowded fibres arranged on the same plane one against 

 the other. The anus is situated at the inferior root of the stylet 

 terminating the body. According to an observation communicated 

 to us by M. Straus, we only find in the interior of the first shield, 

 besides the brain, a single sub-oesophagal ganglion(l). The two 

 nervous cords are then prolonged into the interior of the second 

 shield, forming there, and at the origin of the branchial feet, some 

 small ganglia, which send branches to those organs. According to 

 Cuvier, the heart, as in the Stomapoda, is a large vessel furnished 

 internally with fleshy columns, extending along the back, and giving 

 out branches on both sides. A wrinkled oesophagus, ascending in 

 front, leads to a very muscular gizzard, lined with a cartilaginous 

 kind of velvet, studded with tubercles, and followed by a wide and 

 straight intestine. The liver pours its bile into the intestine by two 

 ducts on each side. A great portion of the shell is filled by the ova- 

 ries in the female, and by the testes in the male. 



These animals are sometimes found two feet in length; they inha- 

 bit the seas of hot climates, and most generally frequent their shores. 

 They appear to me to be proper to the East Indies and the coast of 

 America. The species found in France L. cyclops is commonly 

 called the Casserole{2), from its having some resemblance to the 

 form of that utensil, and because when the feet are removed its shell 

 is used to hold water. Major Le Conte, one of the most intelligent of 

 naturalists in the United States, and who has so largely contributed 

 to advance the science of entomology by his discoveries and re- 

 searches, states that it is given to the hogs. Savages employ the 

 stylet of the tail to point their arrows, which, thus armed, are much 

 dreaded. Their eggs are eaten in China. When these animals 

 walk, their feet are not seen. Fossil specimens are found in certain 

 strata of a moderate antiquity(3). 



(1) The two anterior feet may represent the mandibles of the Decapoda, the 

 four following ones their jaws, and the last six their foot-jaws; those of the second 

 shield would correspond to the thoracic feet. 



(2) The King-crab of our fishermen, or the Horse-shoe. Very common on the 

 coast of New Jersey. Am. Ed. 



(3) Knorr, Monum. of the Deluge, I, pi. XIV; Desmar., Crust, fossil., XI, 6, 7- 

 It would seem from these figures that the lateral spines of the second piece of the 



