PULMONARY. 189 



the sexual organs, had been neglected or were not sufficiently attended 

 to; thus, for instance, the female Ep. diadema, and others, present 

 at the part which characterizes their sex, a singular appendage, 

 which reminds us of the apron of the Hottentot women. These 

 species should constitute a separate division. By pursuing this ex- 

 amination, other not less natural divisions might be established. 



We will content ourselves with mentioning a few of the principal 

 species, commencing with those that are indigenous to Europe. 



Ep. diadema; Jlranea diadema, L., Fab.; Roes., Insect. IV, 

 xxxv xl. Large, reddish, velvety; abdomen of the females 

 extremely voluminous, particularly when about to lay their eggs, 

 and of a deep brown or yellowish red; a large rounded tubercle 

 each side of the back near its base, and a triple cross, formed 

 of small white spots or dots; palpi and legs spotted with black. 

 Very common in Europe in autumn. The eggs are hatched in 

 the spring of the ensuing year. 



Ep. scalaris; Jlranea scalaris, Fab.; Panz., Faun. IV, xxiv. 

 Thorax reddish; top of the abdomen usually white, with a black 

 spot in the form of a reversed triangle, oblong and dentated. 

 weaves its web along the banks of ponds, brooks, Sec. 



Ep. cicatricosa; Jlranea cieatricosa, De Geer; Jl. impressa, Fab. 

 The abdomen flattened, and of a greyish brown or obscure yel- 

 lowish; a black band, festooned and edged with grey along the 

 middle of the back; eight or ten large impressed points in two 

 lines. It constructs its web on walls or other bodies, and re- 

 mains concealed in a nest of white silk, which it forms under 

 some projecting object, or in some cavity in the vicinity. It 

 only works and feeds during the night, or when the light of day 

 is but weak. It retires under the bark of old trees or logs. 



Ep. sericea, Walck., op. cit., Ill, ii. Covered above with a 

 silvery and silken down; abdomen flattened, immaculate and 

 with festooned margins. South of Europe and Senegal. 



Ep. fusca, Walck., Hist, des Aran. II, i, the female. Very 

 common in the cellars of Angers. Its cocoon is white, almost 

 globular, fixed by a pedicle, and composed of very fine threads; 

 it is soft to the touch, like wool. That of the 



Ep. fasciata, Walck., op. cit. Ill, i, the female, is about an 

 inch long; it resembles a little balloon, of a grey colour, with 

 longitudinal black stripes, one of whose extremities is truncated 

 and closed by a flat and silky operculum; a fine down envelopes 

 the eggs in its interior. This species weaves a vertical and 

 irregular web, in the middle of which it remains, along the 

 banks of rivulets, 8cc. Its thorax is covered with a soft and 

 silvery down, and its abdomen is of a beautiful yellow, inter- 

 sected at intervals with transverse brown, or blackish-brown 



