312 INSECTA. 



tremely rough elytra. They usually inhabit the mountains in the 

 East and South of Europe, and those of Caucasus and Lebanon(l). 



The others, in which the labrum is always divided into two or 

 three lobes, have the anterior tarsi very sensibly dilated in the 

 males. 



These latter are always destitute of wings. Their mandibles are 

 smooth, and at their base, or that of one of them, we find one or 

 two teeth. The thorax is cordiform and truncated, sub-isometrical, 

 or longer than it is broad. The abdomen inclines to an oval. 



Procrustes, Bon. 



The labrum trilobate; tooth in the emargination of the mentum 

 bifid(2). 



Carabus, Lin. Fab. Tachypas, Web. 



The labrum simply emarginate or bilobate; tooth of the emargi- 

 nation of the mentum entire. 



Count Dejean describes one hundred and twenty-four species, which 

 he has arranged in sixteen divisions. The first thirteen comprise 

 those whose elytra are convex or arched, and the three last, those 

 in which they are plane, and of which M. Fischer forms two genera 

 Plectes and Cechenus(3), founded on the relative proportions of the 

 head and thorax. The nature of the surface of the elytra furnishes 

 the other secondary characters of these divisions, and such was the 

 method of Messrs Clairville and Bonelli. 



The greater number of these species inhabit Europe, Caucasus, 

 Siberia, Asia Minor, Syria, and the north of Africa to the thirtieth 

 degree of north latitude. Some few are also found at the two extre- 



(1) Carabus scabrosus, Fab.; C. gigas, Creutz., Entom. I, 11, 13; C. scabrosus, 

 Oliv. , Col. Ill, 35, viii, 83, long ago described and figured by Mouffet, Insect. 



Theat., 159; P. tauricus, Dej. Spec. II, 24; Carabus scabrosus, Fischer, Entom. 

 Russ., I, 11, 1, b, d, f; Procerus caucasicus, Dej., lb. p. 25,- Carabus scabrosus, 

 Fisch., lb., c, e. Another but undescribed species has been found in Mount 

 Lebanon by M. Labillardiere. 



(2) Carabus coriaceus, Fab.; Panz. Faun. Insect. Germ., LXXXI, 1. Seethe 

 Spec. Dej. II, p. 26, et seq. 



(3) Carabus kispanus, Fab.; Germ., Faun. Insect. Europ. VIII, 2; C. cyaneus, 

 Fab., Panz. Faun. Insect. Germ., LXXXI, 2; C. Creutzeri, Fab.; Panz. lb. CIX, 

 1; C. depressus, Bonel. ; C. osseticus, Dej.; Plectes osseticus, Fisch., Entom. 

 Russ. II, xxxiii,3; C. Fabricii, Panz. lb., CIX, 6; C. irregularis, Fab.; Panz. lb., 

 V, 4; C. pyrenxus, Dufour. The two last belong to the genus Cechenus of 

 Fischer. Their head is wider in proportion than those of the preceding species 

 or the Plectes, Fischer. 



