326 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



the railway corporations succeeded in earning $5.13, or 3% per cent, 

 on the average per year. 



The highways of the country are free, and those who feel them- 

 selves oppressed by these great combinations of capital are also free to 

 cart their own 14. tons 142 miles in their own way if they want to. 

 For myself I prefer to hire Morgan, Gould, Harriman and the Vander- 

 bilts to do my carting. 



The Support of Schools. 



The annual appropriation for the support of common schools 

 ranges from less than one dollar per head in many States to five dollars 

 per head in Massachusetts. The average is three dollars per head, 

 which sum assessed on 80,000,000 comes to $240,000,000. Schools 

 are the antidote for liquor — when the money spent on schools exceeds 

 the money spent on whiskey we may boast of our progress. 



National Expenditures. 



The amount expended in the year ending June 30, 

 1901, for civil, judicial, postal service, public 

 buildings, Army and Navy on a peace basis, may 



be computed at the normal rate of $2.50 per capita. 



Pensions, 1.79 " 



Interest, 42 " 



Normal expenditure free from warfare, .... $4.71 

 Cost of militarism and of the attempt to subjugate 



the people of the Philippine Islands, 1.86 



Total, $6.57 



The cost of militarism, mainly expended in the effort to 



subjugate the Philippine Islands amounted to $144,183,239 



Our exports to the Philippine Islands in the same year amounted 

 to less than four cents per head of our population. We have wasted 

 nearly two dollars a head for two or three years in the effort to control 

 an export at four cents a head. 



I submit this preliminary and partial analysis of consumption for 

 criticism and suggestion. It will require some weeks of close study 

 of the census and other data for its completion. I may hope to finish 

 this work soon after July 1, and expect to prove that my estimate of 

 our annual product at $225 per head will be more than sustained. 



In conclusion I may call attention to what I believe to be the facts. 

 The normal rate per capita of our national expenditures at $5 per head, 

 tending in time of peace to diminish, bears a ratio of not exceeding 

 2y 2 per cent, to my estimate of the national product. Even at the 

 present rate of about $6.50 per head, imposed upon us by our tempo- 

 rary military aberration, it does not reach three per cent. 



