AREOGRAPIir 



3S7 



The first map ever constructed of Mars was drawn by Beer and 

 Madler in the fortieth year of the last century, and is here numbered 

 I. The observations upon which it was based were made with a four- 

 inch telescope and extended in all over eight years. In this map all 

 the main features which we note to-day are unmistakably depicted. 

 The 'E}'e of Mars' (the Lake of the Sun) is well seen, as well as the 



Map 1. Beer and Madler, 1810 



dark marking that makes eyebrow to it on the south. Xext come the 

 Mare Sirenum and the Mare Cimmerium as one long leech-like patch, 

 duly inclined to the parallels. Then follows the Syrtis Major, the first 

 discerned of all the markings on the plaDet. It was drawn by Huyghens 

 in 1659. Out of it is delineated the Icarium Mare, ending unmistak- 

 ably in the Sabams Sinus seen as a scroll. Dark patches to the south 



. 



Map 2. Kaiser, 1364. 



stand for the Mare Erythraeum and sporadic ones in the midst of the 

 great continental areas north give adumbration of the canals and oases 

 later to be discovered there. 



The next map, No. II., is Kaiser's, made in 1864. In it it is easy 

 to trace all the fundamental features we have noted in the chart of 



