The Scottish Naturalist. 227 



Lat. 54°4o"-57°4o''. Range in Europe. Britain, Belgium, 



central and north France, W. and N.W. Germany, &c. 



Type. Occidento-central. Type in Britain. British. 



Time of Appearance — Imago. July, August. Larva. August- 

 May. Food-plant. Low plants. 



RUBI View. Not uncommon. Nemoral. Ascends to 1200 ft. 

 Distribution — East. Tweed Forth Tay Dee Moray 000 



West. Solway Clyde Argyle § o 



Lat. 54°5o"-57°4o". Range in Europe. Central (excluding 

 Sweden). Type. Central. Type in Britain. British. 



Time of Appearance — Imago. In the south double-brooded, June 

 (end), July ; and August (end) : in the north single-brooded, June-August 

 (beginning). Larva. September-May (June, July). Food-plant. 

 Low plants. 



Northern specimens differ from southern English ones, in being rather 

 larger, and the {brewings with a clearer less clouded ground colour. 



festiva Hb. Not uncommon in the lowlands ; abundant in 



the highlands. Nemoral. Ascends to 1600 ft. 

 Distribution — East. Tweed Forth Tay Dee Moray g 



Orkney o 

 West. Solway Clyde Argyle West-Ross g 



Lat. 54°5o"-58°2o". Range in Europe. Central (excluding 



Sweden). Type. Central. Type in Britain. British. 



Time of Appearance — Imago. June-August. Larva. September- 

 May. Food-plant. Low plants. 



Ab. conflua Tr. Common in the highlands. Nemoral. 

 Distribution — East. g g Tay Dee Moray g g g 



West. Solway Clyde Argyle g g 



Lat. 54°5o"-57°4o". Range in Europe. Northern and al- 

 pine. Type. Boreal. Type in Britain. Scottish. 



Time of Appearance — Imago. June-August. Larva. May-Sep- 

 tember. Food-plant. Low plants, "preferring SUene acaulis." 



Many authors consider that festiva and conflua are good species, distinct 

 from each other. Dr. Staudinger says of conflua "perhaps a northern and 

 alpine variety of /estiva, or a Darwinian species. " Mr. Buckler tells me, 

 that the only difference between the larvae of festiva and conflua is one of 

 colour alone, and Mr. Doubleday, I believe, is inclined to unite the 

 two. In Scotland, I think conflua can only be considered as an aberration 

 of festiva, distinguished in extreme forms by its smaller size and less varie- 

 gated colour, but connected with it by many intermediate forms, so that it is 



