148 



**" PISCES. 



nates their upper jaw, a powerful weapon with which they attack the 

 argest sea anin,a,s. This beak is chiefly composed of the 'voler ^nd 

 Cl'" ;'"' r^ "gtheed at its base by the ethmoid, 

 fron als, and maxmar.es Their branchi^ are not pectinated; each 

 of l,em being formed of two large parallel lamini, the surface of 

 wh,ch .s refculated.(,) They swim with astonishing swiftusrand 

 their flesh is excellent. ' 



XiPHiAs, Cuv. 



The Sword-Fish, properly so called, has no ventrals. But one 

 species IS known. "^ 



tJltZ^'f"'^ "" ^I""" ^--''F-'-) The point hori^on. 

 tally flattened and trenchant like the broad blade of a sword- 

 sides of the ta,l strongly carinated. I, has but one dorsal, whLh 

 nses from before and from behind; the middle of it be oming 

 worn With age gives it the appearance of being double. I i! 

 one of the largest and test fishes of the European seas fr ! 

 quently attaining the length of fifteen feet. It is more common 

 in the Mediterranean than in the Atlantic Ocean. I par^i.ic 

 cruslaceous aimal(2) penetrates into its flesh and sometim s 

 renders ,t so furious that it dashes itself on shore.(3) 



Tetrapturus, Rafin. 

 Point of the muzzle shaped like a stilet, each ventral consisting 

 of a single non-articulated blade, two small salient crests on eeh 

 side of the base of the caudal as in the Mackerel 



One spedes inhabits the Mediterranean, the Aiguille of the 

 Sicilians, TetraptuTus belone, Rafin., Caratt., pi. i, I j. 



Makaira, Lacep. 



The armed muzzle and two small crests of a Tetranturus hut fU 

 ventrals are wantin-. eirapturus, but the 



But a single specimen has ever been seen, and that was cap 



ured at the island of Keen in 1802. It is the Mak. noirlZ 



Lacep., Xiphias makaira, Sh.(4) notratre, 



(1) This led Aristotle to say that the Xiphias has eight branchi.. 

 2 Improperly named by Gmelin, the Pennatula filosa. 



Dl xxvT f 9 ^^f '""^'"'"'' '''' ''^^"' P'- 21' t-^^" from Duham Sect IV 

 L tW f.^ " '"--ly- copy of abadfigure given by Aldrovande (Pise p 33 J; 



its^entrall tT CAr/p tv ^^n "^'^Tr^ ""'T'^'^' *'" ''' '^^ 

 fisherman. ^" ' ' "' " '"'^"" ^^^"""^ ^^^ ''"de drawing of a 



