ACANTHOPTERYGII. 153 



last rays of the second but slightly connected, and sometimes sepa- 

 rated into spurious finsj some spines, free, or forming a small fiu 

 before the anal. 



Several species inhabit the seas of Europe, resembling the Mack- 

 erel in form and flavour, and remarkable for the bands or plates 

 which cover their lateral line, commencing from the shoulder. 



They are confounded under the name of Saurels, Bastard 



Mackerel^ Sec. Scomber trachurus, L., but they differ in the 



number of bands(l) and the more or less sudden curvature of 



the lateral line. Species very similar to those of Europe are 



found as far as New^-Zealand. 



In some, the plates merely cover the posterior and straight part 



of the lateral line, its anterior and arcuated portion being furnished 



with small scales. Some are fusiform, and of these, one has a single 



spurious, dorsal and anal fin, (2) another has several, (3) but most o 



them have none.(4) 



Others again, which have a more elevated body, but still retain 

 the oblique and but slightly convex profile, are remarkable for a 

 single range of teeth. (5) 



Some fishes of this genus, termed Carangues by the French 

 sailors, have an elevated body and a sharp profile, convexly curved, 

 and descending suddenly. The species are very numerous in both 

 oceans. 



C. carangus; Scomber carangus, Bl., 340. Silvery, with a 

 black spot on the operculum, and frequently found to weigh 

 from twenty to twenty-five pounds; an excellent fish. A very 

 similar species, but in which the black spot is wanting; the 



Guaratereba, Seb. Ill, xxvii, 3, is, on the contrary, very apt 

 to prove poisonous. (6) 



(1) There are from seventy to a hundred of these bands. 



(2) Kurra-woodagahwah, Russ. 139; Car. pundatus, Cuv., called Scomber hip- 

 pos, by Mitch., New York, op. cit. I, v, 5, but which is not the hippos of Lin- 

 naeus; Curvata pinima, Marcgr. Braz. 150. 



(3) Scomber Rotleri, Bl., 346, and Russel, 143; Sc. cordyla, L., but not his sy- 

 nonymes, which are Cabangi. 



(4) Scomb. crumenophtalmus, BL, 343; Sc. Pluviieri, Bl., 344, the same as the 

 Sc. ruber, 343, and as the Caranx Daubenton, Lac^p. Ill, 71- 



(5) Scomb. dentex, Bl., Schn.; Caranx lune, Geoff. Saint-Hil., Eg. Poiss. xxiii, 

 3, to which the Citula Banksii, Riss., 2d ed. VI, 13, and perhaps the Trachurus 

 imperialis, \la.{in. , Car. XI, 1, are, at least, closely allied. 



(6) Add, the Scomb. hippos, L., which is the Sc. chrysos, Mitch.; Ekalah pa- 

 rah, Russ. 146, perhaps the Scomb. ignobilis, Forsk. ; Car. sex-fasciatus, Quoy et 

 Gaym., Zool., Freycin., pi. 65, f. 4; Jarra dandree parah, Russ. 147; Scomb. 



Vol. II. U 



