MALACOPTERYGII ABDOMINALES. 203 



In others, the dorsal is placed opposite the interval between the" 

 ventrals and the anal. Of this group are found in France, 



L. erythrophtalmus; Le Rotengle; BL, 1. Fins red as in the 

 Rutilusj the body thicker and more elevated. 



L. albumus; Cyji. alburnus, L. ; LVlblelte; BL, 8, f. 4. Body 

 narrow, silvery, brilliant; fins pale; front straight; the lower 

 jaw somewhat longer; very abundant throughout Europe. It is 

 one of those fishes from which nacre is obtained for the manu- 

 facture of false pearls. 



L. bipimctatiis; Cyp. bipunctatus, L. ;B1., 8, f. 1. Very simi- 

 lar to the alburnus; two black points on each scale of the late- 

 ral line. 



L. phoxinus; Cyp. phoxitws, L.; Bl. 8, f. 5. Spotted with 

 blackish; the smallest of the French species. 



L orpJms; C. orphus; Bl. , 95. A fine minium red; from the 

 rivers of Germany and Holland. (l) 

 There are some again where it is opposite to the commencement 

 of the anal the Chel^ of Buchanan; in several of these the body is 

 compressed almost as in certain Clupeae. Such is 



L. cultratus; Cyp. cultratus, L.; Bl., 37. Also remarkable 

 for its lower jaw, which ascends in front of the upper one, for 

 its large falciform pectorals, 8cc.(2) 

 Species with cirri are found in this group.(3) We may separate 

 from all other Cyprini, the 



GoNORHYNCHUs, Gronov. 



Where the body and head are elongated, and, together with the 

 operculum and even the branchiostegal membrane, are covered with 

 small scales; the snout projects before a small mouth without teeth 

 and without cirri; there are three rays in the branchiae, and a small 

 dorsal is inserted above the ventrals. 



mola, lb., XIX, f. 86; C. sophore, lb., XXXVIH, f. 92; C. ariza. Id., Trav. in the 

 Mysore, III, xxxi. 



The difficulty of recognizing the figures given by authors of species so similar, 

 is increased from the circumstance that many species are found in the rivers of 

 Europe which have never been figured. 



(1) Add the C. aspius, Bl., and of species foreign to Europe; Cyp. basbora, 

 Buch., Pise, Gang., II, f. 90; C. morar, lb., XXXI, f. 75, and a vast numberfrom 

 the rivers of all parts of the globe, several of which have already been indicated by 

 M. Mitchil and Buchanan; some others will be described in our Icthyology. M. Bu- 

 chanan alone found eighty Cyprini in India. We have only cited here the two he 

 has figured. 



(2) Add, Cyp. dupeoides, Bl., 408, 2; C. bacaila, Buch., VlII, 76. 



(3) Cypr. dantica. Id., XVI, 88. 



