GASTEROPODA PULMONEA. 331 



Testacella, Lam. 



The respiratory orifice and the anus at the posterior extremityj 

 the mantle very small, and placed on the same part; it contains a 

 small oval shell with an extremely wide aperture and a very small 

 spine, which is not one tenth of the length of the bodyj otherwise 

 these animals resemble the Limaces. 



Test, haliotoidea, Drap. ; Cuv., Ann. du Mus., V, xxvi, 6, 11. 

 A common species in the southern departments of France; it 

 lives under ground, and feeds chiefly on Lumbrici. M. de Fe- 

 russac has observed that when accidentally placed in too dry a 

 situation, the mantle experiences a singular development, and 

 furnishes it with a sort of shelter. 



Parmacella, Cuv. 



A membranous mantle with loose margins placed on the middle 

 of the back, and containing in its posterior portion an oblong, flat 

 shell, the hind part of which exhibits a slight indication of a spine; 

 the respiratory orifice and the anus, under the right side of the 

 middle of the mantle. 



Parm. Olivieri, Cuv., Ann. du Mus., V, xxix, 12 15. The 

 first species known; from Mesopotamia. 



Parm. palliolum, Feruss., pi. vii, A. Inhabits Brazil. Some 

 others are found in India. 



In the terrestrial Pulnionea with complete and apparent 

 shells; the edges of the aperture in the adult are usually tumid. 



Helix, Lin. 



To this genus Linnaeus referred all those species in which the aper- 

 ture of the shell, somewhat encroached upon by the projection of 

 the penultimate whorl, assumes a crescent-like figure. 



When this crescent of the aperture is as wide as it is high, or 

 wider, it becomes the 



Helix, Brug. and Lam. 



Some of them have a globular shell. 



Of this number is the Helix pomatia, L., common in the gar- 

 dens and vineyards of France, with a reddish shell marked with 

 paler bands, an animal which in some places is considered a 

 delicious article of food. The Hel. nemoralis, L., is another; 

 whose shell is variously and vividly coloured; in wet seasons it 



