346 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



mas supplement, issued a chromolithograph pattern for Berlin-wool 

 work, embodying this picture. When sued, they said that they bought 

 the pattern in Germany ; they did not, however, dispute that it had 

 been copied from the engraving, but claimed that copyright in an en- 

 graving only protects the proprietor from competition of engravings 

 and other prints adapted to be sold and used as engravings are ; that 

 is, as works of art to please the eye. And the Court of Appeal so de- 

 cided. The purpose of any kind of picture intended to be hung as an 

 ornamental work of art, and that of a mere pattern to be used as a 

 guide for an embroiderer or artisan, are so different that the pattern 

 can not be called a copy of the picture, in the sense that it violates 

 the copyright law. 



Recent decisions have not been particularly favorable to maps and 

 charts. In America the compiler of " insurance maps " devised a novel 

 system of colors and signs, explained by a key, enabling a person to 

 see at a glance the character of the buildings and other facts about 

 the property important with reference to insuring it. He copyrighted 

 these maps. An imitator prepared maps of Philadelphia on the same 

 plan, and using like colors, signs, and key. The Supreme Court said 

 that this was no infringement. A copyright gives the exclusive right 

 of multiplying copies : to infringe it, a substantial copy of the whole 

 or of a material part must be produced. Now, maps of Philadelphia 

 can not possibly be deemed copies of maps of New York. Scarcely 

 any map is published on which some arbitrary signs explained by a 

 key are not used ; but copyrighting the map does not secure an exclu- 

 sive right to the signs and key for all other maps. A dealer in zinc 

 paints contrived an advertising card bearing bits of paper painted in 

 colors and serving to exhibit the hues of the paints sold by him ; and 

 this card he copyrighted as a chart. The judge said that it was not a 

 chart, nor the subject of copyright ; and that, if it were, a rival deal- 

 er's similar card using colored papers to show what paints were sold 

 by him would not be an infringement, because it was not a copy of 

 the information conveyed by the first card. A print-dealer contrived 

 pattern-prints of balloons, hanging-baskets, etc., bearing printing as a 

 guide for embroidery, and cutting lines, showing how the paper might 

 be cut and joined to make the different parts fit together. The judge 

 said that things of this nature are not the subject of copyright. 



A recent decision in favor of a lecturer's right to control publica- 

 tion of addresses which he does not print but retains for repeated oral 

 delivery, is narrated, in an article entitled " Medical Lectures and the 

 Law of Copyright," in the " New York Medical Journal " for June 

 last. Rumor says that the question is to be raised again in a suit by 

 Colonel Ingersoll. 



London and New York have each a " Coach-makers' Journal " ; and 

 the New York editor copied an article from the London paper. There- 

 upon the London publishers, finding that a news-agent there was im- 



