The Scottish Naturalist. 355 



S, arvensis — (laelic : h/ioch fochain, the corn milk-plant; blioch, 

 milky ; fochan, young corn. Welsh : i/acth ysgallen, milk-thistle 

 {ysgatk/i, a thistle). 



Hieracium pilosella — Mouse-ear hawkweed. Gaelic : duas 

 inch, mouse-ear ; dims Hath, the grey ear. 



H. murorum — Wall hawkweed. Irish : sntbha?i na vuic, the 

 pig's snout {srubh, a snout). 



Taraxacum dens-leonis — Dandelion. Gaelic: hear nan bride. 



■'Am bearnan bride s'a pheighinn rioghil." — M'Intyre. 

 The dandelion and the penny-royal. 



Bearn^ a notch, from its notched leaf ^ ; bruie^ from brigh, sap, 

 juice, with which the plant abounds ; bior nam br\de {bior, sharp, 

 tooth-like) ; fiacal leomhain, lion's teeth. Welsh : dant y Ikw, 

 the same meaning as dandelion {dent de lion) and leontodon (Xeoji/, 

 a lion ; and oSov?, a tooth), from the tooth like formation of the 

 leaf. Castearbhan nam nine (Shaw) — The pig's sour-stemmed 

 plant. Irish : caisearbhan., cais-fsearbhain^ castearbhan {cais, a 

 word of many significations, but here from cas, a foot ; caiseag, 

 the stem of a plant ; searbh, bitter, sour). 



Cichorium intybus — Succory or Chicory. Gaelic : lus a't 

 suicair, a corruption from cichorium, which was so named from 

 the Egyptian word chikoiiryeh. Pliny remarks that the Egyp- 

 tians made their chicory of much consequence, as it or a similar 

 plant constituted half the food of the common people. It is 

 also called in Gaelic castearbhan, the sour-stemmed plant. 



C. endiva — Endive. Gaelic : euach gharaidh {enach, corrup- 

 tion of endiva, "from the Arabic name hendibeh" (Du Theis), 

 garadh, a garden). Welsh : ysgali y meirch, horse- thistle. 



Lapsana communis — Nipple-wort. Gaelic : duilkag mhaith, 

 the good leaf; duilleag mhhi, the smooth leaf Irish: duilleog 

 bhrighid, the efficacious leaf, or perhaps St Bridget's leaf, the 

 saint who, according to Celtic superstition, had the power of 

 revealing to girls their future husbands. French : hei-be aiix 

 mamelles, having been formerly applied to the breasts of women 

 to allay irritation caused by nursing. Duilleog bhraghad, or 

 braighhe, the breast. 



^ " Most certainly bride comes from its being in flower plentifully on /a^/ia 

 //leiVl-brTde." — Fekgusson. 



-Bride is also a corruption oi brigkit, St Bridget. Latha flieill- bride, Can- 

 dlemas, St Bridget's Day. 



