THE RACIAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. 351 



tray far more constantly than the men the outward characteristics 

 peculiar to the people. We have already cited Weissenberg's testi- 

 mony that brunetteness is twice as prevalent among Russian Jewesses 

 as among the men. Of course this may be a matter of anabolism, 

 pure and simple. This would be perhaps a competent explanation of 

 the phenomenon for physiologists like Geddes and Thompson. For 

 us this other cause may be more directly responsible. Artificial 

 selection in a social group, wherein the active choice of mates falls 

 to the share of the male, would seem to tend in the direction of an 

 accentuated type in that more passive sex on which the selective 

 influence directly plays. At all events, observations from widely 

 scattered sources verify the law that the facial individuality of a 

 people is more often than otherwise expressed most clearly in the 

 women. Thus, for example, the women betray the Mongol type 

 more constantly than the men among the Asiatic tribes of eastern 

 Russia.* On the other hand, Mainof, best of authority, confirms 

 the same tendency among those of Finnic descent, f The Setti 

 Communi in northern Italy still preserve their German language as 

 evidence of a historic Teutonic descent. They seem to have lost 

 their identity entirely in respect of the head form,^: but Ranke * 

 states that among the women the German facial type constantly re- 

 appears. This, I confess, is not altogether easy to understand, unless 

 the Lombards, of whom these colonies are supposedly the remnants, 

 brought their native women with them across the Alps. Perhaps, 

 however, not bringing their women, a new Teutonic resemblance 

 has been evolved out of whole cloth. A better example than this is 

 offered among the Hamitic peoples of Africa north of the Sahara. 

 These peoples, from Abyssinia to Morocco, really belong to the white 

 races of Europe. Among nearly all their tribes the negroid traits 

 are far more accentuated among the women, according to Sergi. 1 1 

 It is not necessary to cite more specific testimony. The law occupies 

 a respected place among anthropologists. That the Jews confirm it, 

 would seem to strengthen our hypothesis at every point. 



Our final conclusion, then, is this: It is paradoxical, yet true, we 

 affirm. The Jews are not a race, but only a people, after all. In 

 their faces we read its confirmation, while in respect of their other 

 traits we are convinced that such individuality as they possess — by no 

 means inconsiderable — is of their own making from one generation 

 to the next, rather than as a product of an unprecedented purity of 

 physical descent. 



* Sommier, 1887, reprint, p. 116. Cf. Zograf, 1896, p. 50, on crania from the sixteenth 

 century in Moscow. f Congres int. des sciences geographiques, Paris, 1875, p. 268. 



\ Livi, 1896 a, pp. 137 and 146. # Beitrage zur Anth. Bayerns, vol. ii, 1879, p. 75. 



| Africa, Antropologia della stirpe Camitica, Torino, 1897, p. 263. 



