HISTORY OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTION. 533 



country and our college will be gathered from the following state- 

 ment, which refers to the present time : 



Twenty-one royal exhibitions — seven open each year — four to 

 the Royal College of Science, London, and three to the Royal Col- 

 lege of Science, Dublin. 



Sixty-six national scholarships — twenty-two open each year — 

 tenable, at the option of the holder, at either the Royal College of 

 Science, London, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin. 



Eighteen free studentships — six open each year — to the Royal 

 College of Science, London. 



A royal exhibition entitles the holder to free admission to lectures 

 and laboratories, and to instruction during the course for the asso- 

 ciateship — about three years — in the Royal College of Science, Lon- 

 don, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin, with maintenance and 

 traveling allowances. 



A national scholarship entitles the holder to free admission to 

 lectures and laboratories and to instruction during the course of the 

 associateship — about three years — at either the Royal College of 

 Science, London, or the Royal College of Science, Dublin, at the 

 option of the holder, with maintenance and traveling allowances. 



A free studentship entitles the holder to free admission to the lec- 

 tures and laboratories and to instruction during the course for the 

 associateship — about three years — in the Royal College of Science, 

 London, but not to any maintenance or traveling allowance. 



Besides the above students who have been successful in the ex- 

 aminations of the scieuce classes, a limited number (usually about 

 sixty) of teachers, and of students in science classes who intend to 

 become science teachers, are admitted free for a term or session to the 

 courses of instruction. They may be called upon to pass an entrance 

 examination. Of these, there are two categories — those who come 

 to learn and those who remain to teach; some of the latter may be 

 associates. 



Besides all these, those holding Whitworth scholarships — the 

 award of which is decided by the science examinations — can, and 

 some do, spend the year covered by the exhibition at the college. 



In this way, then, is the Ecole Normale side of our institution 

 built up. 



The number of Government students in the college in 1872 was 

 25; in 1886 it was 113; and in 1897 it was 186. 



The total number of students who passed through the college 

 from 1882-'83 to 1896-'97, inclusive, was 4,145. Of these, 1,966 

 were Government students. The number who obtained the associate- 

 ship of the Royal School of Mines from 1851 to 1881 was 198, of 

 whom 39 were Government students, and of the Royal College of 



