1915.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, 459 



Century IV, vol. 7, Nos. 1-42; 1863. 

 Century V, vol. 8, Nos. 14-32; 1864. 

 Century VI, vol. 9, Nos. 2, 3; 1865. 

 Century VIII, vol. 13, No. 2; 1869. 

 Century X, vol. 16, Nos. 2, 3; 1872. 



All of the North American crane-flies described by Loew in this 

 series of articles belong to the subfamily Tipulince and include the 

 following genera: Ctenophora (1 species); Longurio (1 species); 

 Holonisia (1 species); Stygeropsis (3 species); Pachyrrhina (19 

 species) and Tipula (41 species). The Loew material is all cotypic, 

 there being no designation of a single-type specimen, and conse- 

 quently the choosing of a lectotype at this time is deemed advisable. 

 Concerning the Loew collection, as it is now preserved, it should be 

 understood that the type-series for any species very often includes 

 many specimens that were not mentioned by Loew in his original 

 description, and yet there can be no doubt but that the material 

 formed part of the type-series, since the specimens often bear the 

 written label in Loew's script and the text of certain of the descrip- 

 tions indicates that this material was before the author at the time 

 that the description was drawn up. It has often seemed advisable 

 to select one of these latter specimens as type, but this has not been 

 done unless the actual specimen mentioned by Loew could not be 

 located, as in the case of Tipula angulata. In all cases the male sex 

 has been given preference over the female because of the varied 

 characters of the hypopygium of this sex. Specimens that were 

 placed in the series by Osten Sacken at the time that he arranged 

 the material in the museum, but from the place and date were 

 obviously not in Loew's hands at the time of the drawing up of the 

 descriptions, have been ignored. It may be stated that the material 

 in the Museum of Comparative Zoologj', as regards the species of 

 Tipula, is still largely unarranged except to the major divisions 

 based on the wing-pattern, there being three large cases devoted 

 to the striatce, marmoratce and suhunicolores. When one studies the 

 descriptions of the Tipulce described by Loew it is at once noted that 

 only about six of the forty or more characterized are of the sub- 

 unicolores, and this was explained when the collection was studied. 

 The majority of the species described as new in the present paper, 

 as well as most of the Eastern species named by Doane in 1901, were 

 found in the collection, bearing manuscript names in Loew's writing 

 but for some unexplained reason having never been described. In 

 cases where this was feasible the name suggested by Loew is the 



