ANTHROPOLOGY A UNIVERSITY STUDY. 513 



omy, geology, paleontology, biology and embryology, ethnology 

 and archseology, philology, sociology, and economics. 



Above all, he must be a devoted lover of truth and unwaver- 

 ing in its search. He must never be led away by an unsupported 

 theory, however seductive. 



It has been said in the past that great men make great men, 

 that the influence of a great mind on plastic youth is invaluable ; 

 and it is as true now as ever. But the concept of what makes a 

 great mind has changed. In an age of scholasticism, with an 

 almost universal adherence to a fixed cosmogony, that man was 

 great who by his personality and the influence that it carried 

 could transfer that cosmogony as a whole to the minds of his 

 pupils and the code of its ethics to the guidance of their lives. It 

 is one of the glories of the new scientific thought that there can 

 be no completed cosmogony, that it is ever growing and being 

 rectified with each new truth discovered. The example of noble 

 men of the past and the study of their deeds may stimulate others 

 to live like them still. But for building up a stable character, the 

 baseless, shifting philosophy of the past can never equal the study 

 of exact truth as expressed in natural law and the humble facts of 

 our own being. Nature never lies to her children if they stop and 

 listen. There is more rigid, unprevaricating response to an hon- 

 est query in a right angle than in all the sophistry of the schools. 

 The young man that is thrust out into the world of action now, 

 with only the scholastic cosmogony as a support for his moral 

 code, is to be pitied when he finds his foundation swept away, as 

 it surely will be if he truly thinks. How much more sturdy he 

 would have been had he been led to clearly see the social neces- 

 sities that step by step gave rise to moral law law that grows 

 higher and broader with social need and raises ever to its own 

 level its own creators ! 



A QUITE original system of raising revenue is described by Mr. Hugh 

 Clifford as existing in the Malay state of Trengganu. " It is managed in 

 one of two ways. Either a consignment of goods is sent to the village or 

 to an individual, and a price considerably in excess of that current in the 

 markets is demanded in return for them ; or else a small sum of money is 

 sent, and a message is conveyed to the recipients that a given quantity of 

 getah or jungle produce is demanded in return. On the receipt of a serah 

 a village headnian calls his people together and enforces a public subscrip- 

 tion to meet the sum required by the raja. The things are then divided 

 among the subscribers, but as the quantity of goods is altogether out of 

 keeping with the high price paid for them, and as the village elders usually 

 insist on receiving the full value of their subscription, the weaker members 

 of the community get little or nothing in retuini for their money." The 

 other form of assessment likewise works oppressively upon its victim. 



