MECHANICS AND USEFUL ARTS. 75 



recede into slots left in the frame of the machine for the purpose, 

 and the bale lies at your feet, ready for market." 



A new cotton press, the invention of Nathan Chipman, of Conn., 

 is also described in the Scientific American. This press is intended 

 to supply the desideratum of a quick motion for the follower, when 

 the cotton is first compressed. As is evident, the cotton yields at first, 

 with comparative facility to the compressing power, but on the bale 

 becoming more compact, it is necessary to employ a greater intensity 

 of power when a less amount of speed is required. The inventor 

 attains his object by employing spiral cams, or, in other words, conical 

 drums with a spiral groove cast or cut around the periphery. Two of 

 these cams are employed, one on each side of the press, and chains 

 winding round them raise the follower, which slides longitudinally 

 within the box containing the cotton. As the chains are attached to 

 the larger part of the cam or conical drum, it is evident that on begin- 

 ning to work the press with a regular motion, the chains will have to 

 wind around a larger circumference at first than afterwards, and thus 

 their speed, and consequently that of the follower, will gradually 

 diminish, while, in accordance with the well known law of mechanics, 

 the intensity of the power will increase in the same ratio. The 

 motion is transmitted through the agency of geared wheels, and the 

 box for the cotton has a cover capable of being removed at pleasure. 



ADORXO'S CIGARETTE MACHINE. 



THIS machine consists of two travelling chains, whose parts are 

 made with great accuracy. Each link is composed of 12 pieces, which 

 are cut out of iron by machinery. One portion of the link is fixed on 

 the chain, and the other portion is moveable. It is necessary that the 

 machine be so adjusted as to provide tor the proper quantity of tobacco 

 and paper, and which must be regulated to the thickness of very thin 

 paper. 



The machine makes and finishes the cigarrettes with greater neat- 

 ness and perfection than by manual labor; and the economy of 

 tobacco is so great, that, solely in this respect, the price of the entire 

 manufacture by hand labor is wholly saved. JJore than eighty 

 cigarettes may be made by this machine in a minute. Paper of the 

 proper width and thickness is caused to pass over one of the travelling 

 chains, consisting of links corresponding with the scantling of the 

 cigarette. When the paper has a sufficient number of indents, fine 

 tobacco is put into them, and the waste falls into a trough beneath the 

 machine. As the chain on which the paper is first placed moves for- 

 ward, a knife, by means of a reciprocating motion across the machine, 

 separates the paper to form the cigarettes, which are finally folded 

 entire, by passing to the other travelling chain ; and by pressure from 

 above the cigarettes are completed ready to be removed from the 

 machine. In the English market there is scarcely any demand for 

 cigarettes, but in Spain and the American republics its importance is 

 great. This will be better understood, when we state, that, in Mexico, 



