34 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



The average progress has been less during the last year than during 

 the preceding ones, but this is readily accounted for, by the increased 

 lift of the pumps, and by the difficulty of forming the channels which 

 lead the water to them. 



The annual drainage hereafter, is estimated at 54,000,000 tons of 

 water, which must be lifted on an average 16 feet; it may occur, 

 however, that as much as 35,000,000 of this amount must be dis- 

 charged in one month, in order to preserve and render the space 

 formerly occupied by this Lake habitable. 



CRYSTAL PALACE IN NEW YORK. 



IT having been determined to open an Exhibition of the Industry 

 of all Nations in the city of New York, during the summer of 1853, 

 the following plan of an edifice suitable for the purpose has been 

 adopted ; the plan being furnished by Messrs. Carstensen & Gilde- 

 miester, of New York. The general idea of the edifice is a Greek 

 .cross, surmounted by a dome at the intersection. Each diameter of 

 the cross will be 365 feet 5 inches long. There will be three similar en- 

 trances one on the Sixth Avenue, one on Fortieth, and one on 

 Forty-second Street. Each entrance will be 47 feet wide, and that on 

 the Sixth Avenue will be approached by a flight of eight steps. Each 

 arm of the cross is on the ground-plan 149 feet broad. This is divided 

 into a central nave and two aisles, one on each side ; the nave 41 feet 

 w r ide ; each aisle 54 feet wide. On each front is a large semi-circular 

 fanlight, 41 feet broad and 21 feet high, answering to the arch of the 

 nave. The central portion, or nave, is carried up to the height of 67 

 feet, and the semi-circular arch by which it is spanned is 41 feet broad. 

 There are thus, in effect, two arched naves, crossing each other at 

 right angles 41 feet broad, 67 feet high, to the crown of the arch, and 

 365 feet long ; and on each side of these naves is an aisle, 54 feet broad 

 and 45 feet high. The exterior of the ridge way of the nave is 71 feet 

 The central dome is 100 feet in diameter 68 feet inside from floor to 

 spring of arch, and 118 feet to the crown ; and on the outside, with the 

 lantern, 149 feet. The exterior angles of the building are filled up Avith 

 a sort of lean-to, 24 feet high, which gives the ground-plan an octagonal 

 shape, each side or face being 149 feet wide. At each angle is an octa- 

 gonal tower, 8 feet in diameter, and 75 feet high. Each aisle is covered 

 by a gallery of its own width, and 24 feet from the floor. The building- 

 contains, on its ground floor, 111,000 square feet of space, and in its 

 galleries, which are 54 feet wide, 62,000 square feet more, making a 

 total area of 1 73,000 square feet for the purposes of exhibition. There 

 are thus in the ground floor two acres and a half, or exactly two acres 

 and 52.100 ; in the galleries, one acre and 44.100; total, within an 

 inconsiderable fraction of four acres. There are on the ground floor 

 190 columns, 21 feet above the floor, 8 inches diameter, cast hollow, of 

 different thicknesses, from half an inch to one inch thick; on the 

 gallery floor there are 122 columns. 



