THE NAUTILUS. 



separate from the rest and put six of them (those which I could 

 see seemed to have embryonic shells within) in separate vials 

 and numbered the animals and their shells to correspond. The 

 rest I preserved en masse. 



Unfortunately I did not keep the animals of the banded P. 

 dubia, so I cannot send you any of them. It might be well to 

 note here that the A. I. meineckei seemed to be much darker, 

 even to a purplish appearance in some cases, when alive and 

 after drowning, but appeared very much lighter immediately 

 after the animal was pulled, due no doubt to the color of the 

 animal, as the shells are verv thin. 



* > 



NOTES ON CRA8PEDOPOMA LUCIDUM, LOWE AND OTHER MADEIRA 



SNAILS. 



BY T. D. A. COCKERELL. 



In the Madeira Islands there is only one genus of Cyclosto- 

 moid shells, Craspedopoma. It is represented by four species, 

 all described by Lowe, living to-day only on the main island of 

 Madeira. One of them, C. lucidum Lowe, is common to the 

 fossil beds east of Canical, Madeira, and is said to occur fossil 

 on the Southern Desert Island and on Porto Santo. Wollas- 

 ton is very explicit about the Porto Santo records, citing three 

 localities, and remarking that the specimens are rather small. 

 I could not find any trace of it there, and Mr. A. C. de Noronha 

 and the Rev. Drummond Paterson, who have collected much 

 more extensively, have also failed to find it. Near Canical, in 

 Madeira, it occurs in the well-known beds along with Plebecula 

 bowditchiana (Fer. ), Geomitra delphinula (Lowe) and many other 

 shells. These shells are cited by Wollaston as ' ' subfossil ' ' , 

 but they are properly regarded as fossils, and by all available 

 criteria should be Pleistocene, perhaps Lower Pleistocene. 

 Several of the forms are extinct, and the representatives of some 

 of the living species are appreciably different from their de- 

 scendants. Thus the common Leptaxis undata (Lowe), found 

 in quantity fossil, mixed with P. bowditchiana, is larger than 

 ordinary living specimens. It may be regarded as a distinct 



