138 



ANNUAL OP SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



Both the censuses of 1840 and 1850 prove the law. Between 70 and 100 

 years of age, there are 15,311 more white women than there are males; 

 being more than 5 per cent, of the whole number. Beyond the age of 40 

 years, the probabilities of longevity are much greater, for American women, 

 than that of men. This contrasts singularly with the fact that the physique 

 (relatively) of American women is inferior to that of American men. 

 That fact, as I have shown, however, tells tremendously on women be- 

 tweeii the ages of 20 and 40, when their mortality is very great. 



The longevity of some women is very extraordinary. There are four 

 hundred and thirty American women above one hundred years of age ! 



3. The Growth of the White Race. The law of growth in the races is 



/ 



something different. The ratio of increase, at each successive decennial 

 period, has been respectively 36 37 35 35 35 38 per cent. This 

 gives us a decennial growth of about 36 per cent, for the white race. The 

 growth of the white race i--, therefore, decennially, about 2 per cent, greater 

 than the growth of the whole ; consequently, leaving a diminution, to a 

 corresponding extent, in that of the colored population. 



4. The Grou-th of the African Race. The colored race have advanced, 

 decennially, very nearly as 373230292527 per cent. The par- 

 allel between the growth of the White and African races, for the last 40 

 years, has been thus : 



White.- Colored. 



I?10tol820 y.5 3D 



1820 to 1830 35 29 



White. Colored. 



1830 to 1840 28 25 



1840 toitol).. ..38 27 



5. The Law of Relation in the Growth of the Races. As seen in the 

 preceding paragraph, the growth of the white race exceeds that of the col- 

 ored race, by nearly 10 per cent., in the corresponding ratios. But, we 

 must remark, it seems that the conditions of their growth are not parallel. 

 The white race is continually receiving accessions from Europe. In the 

 last 10 years, (1840 to 1850,) the United States received about 1,500,000 

 white immigrants. Of these, about 600,000 died in the 10 years; so that 

 900,000 of the nearly 20,000,000 of white population were immigrants 

 thus added to the national increase. The actual increase of whites was 

 about 5,000,000 ; from which, deducting 900,000 immigrants, leaves 4,100, - 

 000 for the natural increase, which is about 28 1-8 per cent. In the same 

 time, the growth of the African race was 27 per cent.; so that, in fact, 

 there is very little difference between the ratios of natural increase in the 

 two races, although there is some difference, and that in favor of the whites. 



6. The General Law of Increase, (independent of immigration,) by nat- 

 ural causes alone, is 28 per cent, decennially. This is 8 per cent, below 

 the average increase of the whites, and 10 per cent, below that from 1840 

 to 1850. AVhile the number of born foreigners in the United States is 

 less than 9 per cent., the number in the comparative increase of a single 

 year is large rising, in the last two or three years, to about half the 

 whole increase. The original immigrants, however, rapidly die, while 

 their children are born on the soil. 



