146 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



has invented an apparatus by which a pencil of the sun's rays is 

 directed upon a sheet of photographic paper, and as the sun makes 

 his daily journey, the varying effect of his light on the paper is 

 recorded by varying depths of shade. It is proposed to have this 

 record kept through the year, and through a series of years, and thus 

 compel the sun to tell us in his own handwriting whether he preserves 

 undiminished the fires of his youth, or is fading away in a gradual 

 decline. 



Photographs of the Sun's Surface. At the last meeting of the 

 British Association (1861), Prof. Airy, the astronomer royal, called 

 attention to a large photograph of the sun, which he had on exhibi- 

 tion, and especially to the rapid shading off of the intensity of the 

 light towards the outside of the sun's disk. He and the late M. Arago 

 had differed on this very point, M. Arago maintaining that the in- 

 tensity of the sun's light must increase towards the edge of the disk, 

 while he, the astronomer royal, ventured to maintain the contrary 

 opinion. Here, by this very ingenious process by which Mr. De La 

 Rue had succeeded in photographing the sun's disk, it became palpa- 

 ble that his opinion was in accordance with the fact in nature, while, 

 that of M. Arago cannot any longer be maintained. The photographed 

 fact settles the question. 



Photography as a Reformatory Agent. A novel and interesting 

 application of 'the art is now in daily use at the famous Mettray colon}', 

 near Tours, which is the first and most celebrated reformatory estab- 

 lishment in France for vouno- convicts. Every urchin brought to this 



* ^^ * 



house of correction has his portrait taken the moment he sets foot in 

 it, and another is made on the day of his leaving. The first represents 

 the rags, dirt and misery, the physical and moral degradation, the 

 prematurely careworn features, the scowling, cowering, timid, uneasy 

 and withal ferocious look of the born thief. The second shows the 

 same individual transformed by the magic of judicious discipline, 

 which includes physical comfort and kind treatment. His dress is 

 now clean and neat, and his countenance is redolent of health, con- 

 tentment, benevolence and energy. 



NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING ON GLASS PHOTOGRAPHIC OR 

 OTHER PICTURES IN ENAMEL COLORS. 



At a recent meeting of the London Society of Arts, Mr. F. Joubert 

 gave an account of a'new method, devised by him, of producing on 

 glass photographic or other pictures in enamel colors which promises to 

 be of great practical utility. After reviewing the history of the manu- 

 facture of stained and painted glass, Mr. Joubert said : 



" Having been for many years professionally acquainted with 

 printing in connection with the fine arts, and having observed the 

 immense development the new art of photography has taken, it oc- 

 curred to me that if a means could be found to print the photographic 

 image on glass, as easily as it is done on paper, and through the 

 agency of some chemical composition which would admit of employ- 

 ing ceramic or vitrifiable colors, and burning them in, a great result 

 would be attained, and a new and considerable branch of industrial 

 art might thereby be opened. Considering the numerous and vari- 



