Q44 Wasmann, Uber den Ursprung der Sklaverei bei den Araeisen. 



first supplied in my paper on a ,,New Type of Social Parasitism 

 among Ants'. Wasmann should not, therefore, treat my work 

 on F. coiisocians as a sequel and confirmation, or even as ,,das 

 getreue Ebenbild" of his own on F. truncicola, but his own work 

 as acquiring through mine whatever significance and validity it 

 may possess. It is not I who have been approaching Wasm aim's 

 point of view, as the reader of his paper may be led to believe, 

 JDut the reverse. 



In stating what I believe to be the truth in regard to the 

 discovery of temporary social parasitism, I have no desire to arro- 

 gate to myself any great amount of credit and much less do I wish 

 to belittle the splendid work of Forel, Wasmann and other 

 European myrmecologists who had hitherto failed to note this 

 interesting occurrence among the ants that have been so long the 

 objects of their attention. Compared with the ant-fauna of North 

 America, that of Europe is in many respects very meagre, not to 

 say monotonous. Hence it is easy to see how during the nearly 

 forty years of diligent observation on the part of Forel and the 

 more than twenty years devoted by Wasmann to similar studies, 

 temporary social parasitism as a regular occurrence in species of 

 Formica of the rufa group, should have passed unobserved. I am 

 convinced that had these savants been able to study our much 

 richer American Formica-fauna, they would long since have detected 

 not only the regularity of the parasitism I described as occurring 

 in such species as F. consodans, F. microgyna, etc., but also many 

 other interesting facts which have hitherto escaped my observation. 



Colebrook, Litchfield County, Connecticut, July 20, 1905. [78] 



Nochmals zur Frage liber die temporar gemischten 

 Kolonien und den Ursprung der Sklaverei bei den 



Ameisen. 



Von E. Wasmann S. J. (Luxemburg). 



Zu der vorstehenden Abhandlung Wheeler's ,,Some remarks 

 on temporary social parasitism and the phylogeny of slavery among 

 ants" muss ich bier einige erlauternde Bemerkungen beifugm. 

 welche zur Klarstellung der wirklichen Sachlage dienen sollen. Ich 

 will mich dabei moglichst kurz fassen und mich jeglicher Polemik 

 enthalten, die cine Verstandigung doch nur erschweren wiirde. 



Die Publikationen, urn die es sich hier handelt, bezeichne ich 

 der Kurze halber mit a, b, c. 



a) Wheeler, A new type of social parasitism among ants (Bull. 

 Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Vol. 20, art, 30. Oct. 11, 1904, p. 347875). 



b) Wheeler, An interpretation of the slavemaking instincts in 

 ants (Bull. Amor. Mus. Nat. Hist, Vol. 21, art, l.Febr. 14, 1905, p. 11 G). 



