74 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERT. 



but only on the old-fashion hand loom, and one yard per day is con- 

 sidered a fair day's work there, even at the present time. On these 

 power-looms a girl can weave six yards per day, of better fabric than 

 any German goods imported, and almost equal to the best French 

 Brocatelles." 



"MUNGO, SHODDY, OR DEVIL'S DUST." 



The New York Tribune in an article on the woolen fabrics at the 

 Great Exhibition of New York, gives the following graphic explana- 

 tion of the above terms (frequently used in English political debates) 

 and of the peculiar manufactures to which they apply. The writer 

 says : We do not introduce this explanation because we wish to en- 

 courage the use of these articles in America, as we are aware that they 

 are getting into use without such encouragement. We believe, how- 

 ever, that if carefully selected and used in moderation, that shorter 

 nap, of which we have spoken as desirable in American goods, will 

 most probably be secured. We are aware, too, in speaking of these 

 articles, we may be considered as exposing the secrets of the trade ; 

 but as we write for public enlightenment, and the advancement of 

 our domestic manufactures, we are sure that we are justified in saying 

 what we know of English manufactures in this respect. 



In the somewhat hilly district of Yorkshire, between Huddersfield 

 and Leeds, stand on two prominences the pretty little towns of Dews- 

 bury and Batley Car. The stranger on alighting from the railway- 

 car, is struck with the unusually large warehouses, built of stone, by 

 the Railway company. For such small stations these are mysterious 

 erections. But if he enter the principal warehouses, he will probably 

 find piled up hundreds of bales, containing the cast-off garments of 

 Great Britian and the Continent of Europe. Here, in fact, from all 

 parts of the world, are brought the tattered remains of the clothes, 

 some of which have been worn by royalty in the various Courts of 

 Europe, as well as by peers and peasants. The rich broadcloth of 

 the English noble here commingles with the li/ery of their servants 

 and the worsted blouses of French repullicins; while American 

 undershirts, pantaloons, and all other worsted or woolen goods may 

 there be found, all reduced to one common level, and known by one 

 common appellation of " rags." 



The walls of the town are placarded with papers announcing pub- 

 lic auctions of " Scotch Shoddies," " Mungoes," " Rags," and such 

 like articles of merchandise, and every few days the goods depart- 

 ment of the railway is besieged by sturdy looking Yorkshiremen, 

 who are examining, with great attention, the various bales ; some of 

 which are assorted into " whites," " blue stockings," " black stock- 

 ings," " carpets," " shawls," " stuffs," " skirtings," " linseys," " black 

 cloth," &c. A jovial looking man of doubtful temperance principles, 

 at last steps forward and puts the goods up to auction. The prices 

 which these worn-out articles fetch is surprising to the uninitiated. 

 Old stockings will realize from 7 to 10 a ton ; while white flannels, 



