32 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



Perm., is designed for the use of farmers, or those who desire to crush 

 corn, or grind oats, wheat or other grain, sufficiently fine for feeding 

 to any kind of domestic animals, or for cracked hominy for the table. 

 The grinding buhrs of this mill are blocks of wood 15 inches diame- 

 ter, 4 inches thick. These are faced with strips of soft iron -| inches 

 thick, 1 inch wide, with spaces between, f inches wide, which are 

 driven full of cut nails, made for that purpose. The buhrs are placed 

 in a sheet-iron case 18 inches in diameter, and 14 inches high, at the 

 bottom of which is the discharge spout for the meal. This case is set 

 in a frame 3 feet high and 18 inches square. The upper buhr is 

 bolted fast to the upper part of the frame, which is fastened to the 

 posts by bolts, so that by unscrewing, all lift off together when the 

 buhr needs sharpening, which is done by cutting with a cold-chisel. 

 The lower buhr is moved by a pully on the lower end of the shaft, 

 which stands in a step-block, and that block rests on a screw by which' 

 the buhr is set to grind fine or coarse. With four horse-power it will 

 grind four to six bushels per hour, and will require about fifteen min- 

 utes dressing for every 150 bushels ground. It has no gearing, and in 

 use cannot wear one grinding surface upon the other, so that a hop- 

 per holding 20 bushels may be filled and ground out without the least 

 attention, and shonld it run empty, no injury will result. 



Machine for Picking up Stones. This machine, the invention of J. 

 S. Foster, of N. Y., is constructed as follows : Suspended to an axle is 

 a movable rake, with half-circular fingers, which gathers all the stones 

 in its path ; and these are taken up by teeth fixed in a drum, and car- 

 ried up over and dropped into a hopper that conducts them into a 

 cart-body at one side. As these teeth come round with their load, a 

 trigger on the drum throws them back inside, so that stones getting 

 between the teeth do not stop or break them. It can be made to pick 

 up apples, potatoes, or any other vegetable from the size of a hickory- 

 nut to that of a peck measure. It can be used also to remove loose 

 earth. 



Pennock's Wheat Drill. This machine is mounted upon a pair of 

 wheels like the low wheels of a small wagon, on an axletree 6^ feet 

 long between the shoulders. It has eight hollow teeth, which arc 

 attached to a movable frame, so that all or any one may be raised out 

 of the ground. The grain is put in a box on the axle, divided in four 

 parts, each of which holds half a bushel. As the wheels roll forward, 

 they move machinery in the bottom of these boxes, which lets the 

 grain down in just such quantities as the farmer desires to plant per 

 acre, and this is conducted down through the hollow teeth and depos- 

 ited at the desired depth in the previously well-pulverized soil. It 

 has been proved by experiment that wheat put in by a drilling 

 machine will produce ten per cent, more than broad-cast sowing of 

 the same land, while the saving of seed is full twenty per cent. 



Improvements in Grinding Corn. This English improvement in 

 the construction of corn-mills, is the invention of Mr. Barnett, and 

 consists of an application of wire gauze inserted in cavities in the 

 millstone, which serve the purposes of ventilating the corn during the 



