108 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



The amcmnt of salt manufactured at the Solar "Works of Onondaga in 

 1856, was 709,391 bushels. The amount of salt manufactured in kettles in 

 Onondaga in 1856, was 5,257,419 bushels. 



When the works (at OnondagaJ) arc generally running, they require 

 3,000,000 gallons of brine daily, and the supply is not less than 2,000,000 

 gallons per day for six months. 



The wells in vhe Virginia Salt Springs are about nine hundred feet deep. 

 The wells at Pomeroy and West Columbia are from one thousand to twelve 

 hundred feet deep. 



The estimated quantity of foreign salt consumed in the United States and 

 Territories is about 13,500,000 bushels per annum. 



The amount or salt consumed in the United States (for various uses) is 

 about sixty pounds to each inhabitant. 



The consumption in France is estimated at twenty-one and a half 

 pounds ; in Great Britain, at twenty-five pounds for each inhabitant. 



The cost of manufacturing salt by boiling in Onondaga, as per estimate, 

 during five consecutive years, averages about one dollar per barrel of 280 

 pounds. 



The minimum price of salt at the Onondaga Works in 1840, 1S50, and 

 1851 was from seventy to ninety cents per barrel; in 1852, one dollar per 

 barrel; in 1853, $1,12; in 1854, $1,25; in 1855, $1,30, and in 1856, 61,40 

 per barrel. 



The solar salt costs about the same price to manufacture as boiled 

 salt. 



The solar salt weighs about seventy pounds to the bushel (measure). 

 The boiled salt weighs about fifty-six pounds to the bushel, varying, how- 

 ever, according to the position of the kettles, to a weight considerably above 

 and also considerably below this standard. 



The duty paid to the State of New York on salt manufactured at Onon- 

 daga is always reckoned on fifty-six pounds (this being the statute bushel), 

 and covers the expense incurred by the State for pumping up the water and 

 delivering it to the premises of the manufacturers. 



A salt block at Onondaga, of the largest size, is made of brick, about 

 twelve to fifteen feet wide, four to five feet high, and forming two parallel 

 arches, extending the whole length of the block. Over, and within the top 

 of these arches, are placed common cast iron kettles, holding about fifty to 

 seventy gallons of brine, placed close together in two rows the whole length 

 of the arches. A fire built in the mouth of the arches passes under each 

 kettle into a chimney, built generally fifty to one hundred and fifty feet high, 

 averaging from fifty to seventy kettles in each block. A single block with 

 one row of kettles is about half this width. 



The quantity of salt made in one of these double blocks in the year (say 

 of eight months) averages 20,000 to 25,000 bushels of fifty-six pounds. 



The cost of a bushel of salt produced at Kanawha is about seventeen and 

 a half cents. 



The price of freight on a sack of Liverpool salt, from New Orleans to 

 Louisville, averages about thirty-five cents per sack. 



