94 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



The wool or cotton passes through the machine in the usual manner, as far 

 as the main carding cylinder, but instead of doffing or removing the sliver, as 

 at present practised, a disk card is employed for this purpose. This is a disk 

 of metal covered with card teeth, and set upon a vertical rotating spindle in 

 such a position that the card face of the disk works with a part of its area 

 against or in contact with the wire card teeth on the horizontal main cylinder. 

 The respective surface motions of the main cylinder and the disk card are thus 

 at right angles with each other, and as the main cylinder revolves, the disk 

 card revolving also across the path, as it were, of the main cylinder card 

 surface, strips and carries away the wool or cotton from the main cylinder. 

 The fibrous material is thus carried round by the disk clear away from the 

 main cylinder, and one or more doffing combs being arranged to work upon 

 the disk card face, the fibrous material is stripped off the disk card, and passed 

 forward to a duplex endless apron arrangement. The apron arrangement has 

 a -continuous forward traverse, in the usual manner, for the conveyance of 

 the fibrous material away from the actual carding apparatus. But in addition 

 to this traverse it has also a lateral vibrating action horizontally, for the 

 purpose of giving a rubbing rolling action to the fibrous material, to com- 

 plete the sliver oV roving. To give greater effect to this slubbing rolling 

 process, the endless aprons are made double, the fibrous material being passed 

 along between the two contiguous lengths of aprons, the lateral action of which 

 is in opposite directions, and gives the requisite rubbing rolling action to the 

 fibres, and condenses the slivers for further preparation and manufacture. 

 And to aid the rolling or condensing action for solidifying the sliver as it 

 issues from the endless aprons, it may be passed through a revolving tube, 

 for the purpose of adding a further condensing twist to the fibres. Instead 

 of traversing aprons, duplex action rollers may be used for traversing and 

 rolling the slivers. It is intended to employ this improved machinery for 

 textile manufactures, but it is particularly applicable in wool carding, so as to 

 produce slivers of any length hi a convenient manner. 



Bag Looms. The weaving of bags without seam is becoming quite _an 

 extensive branch of manufacture. An improvement recently patented by 

 Messrs. Jilson and Sparhawk of Lewiston, Me., has for its object the regulating 

 automatically the operation of the harness so as to weave a bag of any length, 

 then to close the bottom, afterwards to commence weaving open again, and so 

 on. It can be applied to a common loom, four or six leaves of harness being 

 required, according to whether a plain or twilled bag is desired. The principal 

 feature of the invention consists in a studded pattern cylinder having the 

 studs attached to movable slides, arranged longitudinally to the cylinders. 

 By shifting these slides in one direction, the studs are brought to a proper 

 position to cause the harness to operate in a suitable manner to weave the 

 open part of the bag, and by shifting them in the opposite direction, the studs 

 are brought into a position to cause the harness so to operate as to close the 

 bottom. These movements are all effected by self-acting devices, and can be 

 so varied as to weave bags of any length desired. 



Harvey's dead Spindle. A spindle invented by Mr. M. B. Harvey, of Staf- 

 ford, Ct., differs from any heretofore introduced among cotton spinners. It 



