NATUKAL PHILOSOPHY. 161 



Regenerative Furnaces. For the best account of the structure and 

 application of regenerative furnaces to manufacturing purposes. 



Melting Cast-Steel. For an easy and cheap method of melting 

 cast-steei in large masses. 



Hydraulic Engine. For a small, simple, cheap, and effective hy- 

 draulic engine, which, in connection with the ordinary water service 

 of towns could be applied to lifts in warehouses, driving lathes, blowing 

 the bellowses of organs, and many other purposes where steam cannot 

 be made available. 



Protecting Iron. For the invention of an efficient method of pro- 

 tecting iron from the action of air and water, applicable to the various 

 forms in which iron is used as a building material generally, and also 

 to iron ships and armor-plated vessels. 



Shoal Recorder. For an instrument to indicate the depth of wa- 

 ter under a ship's bottom, to prevent danger when at sea or nearing 

 land. 



Application of Electricity to Organs. For the production of an 

 organ in which, by the use of electricity or magnetism, tunes of greater 

 length and variety than those ordinarily produced in barrel-organs may 

 be performed mechanically. 



Lace Machinery. - - For a mechanical substitute for hand-labor in 

 running in the outline to figures in machine-wrought lace. 



Woven Garments. For the production in the loom, and introduc- 

 tion into commerce, of woven garments, suited for soldiers, sailors, 

 emigrants, operatives and others, so as to economize the cost of pro- 

 duction, and reduce the amount of hand-labor. 



Incombustible Paper. For the production of an incombustible pa- 

 per, so as to render the ledgers of commercial men, bankers, etc., in- 

 destructible by fire. 



Dyeing and Dressing Leather. For improvements in the method 

 of dyeing or dressing morocco or calf-leather, in such manner as to 

 prevent the surface from cracking in working, and to render it more 

 fit to receive the gilding required in ornamenting books, furniture, and 

 other articles. 



Leather Cloth. For improvements in the manufacture of leather- 

 cloth, or artificial leather, especially in imparting strength and durabil- 

 ity, so as to fit it for the purposes of saddlers, harnessmakers, trunk- 

 makers, shoemakers, bookbinders and others. 



New Gums. For any new substance or compound which may be 

 employed as a substitute for india-rubber or gutta-percha in the arts 

 and manufactures. 



New Gums or Oils. For any new gums or oils, the produce of 

 Africa, calculated to be useful in the arts and manufactures, and ob- 

 tainable in quantity. Samples of not less than twenty-five pounds of 

 gum, and fifty pounds of oil, to be transmitted to the Society. 



Elastic Tubing. For an elastic material for tubing, suited to the 

 conveyance of gas, and not liable to be affected by alterations in tem- 

 perature, or to be acted upon by the gas itself. 



Color for Japanned Surfaces. For the preparation of any color, 

 applicable to the Japanned surfaces of papier madid, that shall be free 

 from the brightness (or glare) of the varnished colors now used, but 

 possess the same degree of hardness and durability. 



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