92 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY. 



face. Between the wheels, the bed is 6 feet wide, and the drivers arc in- 

 closed by an extension of the platform, making in all a width from outside 

 to outside of 8 feet. The timbers of the frame meet at a distance of .12 feet 

 from the axle, and at this point rest on a castor-wheel, which is steered by a 

 tiller. The boiler is upright, and contains 72 inch and a quarter tubes, 2 ft. 

 10 in. long. The fire-box, 20 in. square, is intended for either wood or coal. 

 Above the flues is a steam-reservoir, 3 feet high, with a smoke-flue passing 

 through it. Thus in one tube of boiler iron 8 feet in height, is contained a 

 fire-box, boiler, steam-reservoir, and smoke-flue. In front of the boiler there 

 is a reaper extension, which supports a regular reaping arrangement of cut- 

 ter bar, dividers, reel, etc., and which may be attached or removed at will. 

 Motion is given to the knives by a long, tilting lever, which is worked di- 

 rectly by an extension of the piston. The reel is turned by a belt passing 

 over a shaft worked by the driving-wheel. To mow grass, the cutter-bar is 

 lowered, or to head grain, is elevated, by a long lever hung on the main axle, 

 and passing back nearly to the steersman, who works the lever by means of 

 a pinion and rack. The cylinder is 5? inches in diameter, with a 9-inch 

 stroke, and has a link motion to enable it to reverse. The pump is worked 

 by a crank on a shaft, which may be made to gear into the fly-wheel shaft 

 as required; and water is pumped into the boiler when the machine is either 

 in motion or at rest. The drivers are turned by a pinion, which is turned by 

 a bevel-wheel working into a pinion on the crank-shaft. An ordinary barrel 

 of water is carried on the axle alongside the boiler. To plough, the reaping 

 apparatus is removed, and then the machine travels in a contrary direction to 

 what it does in reaping, the ploughing being done behind and the reaping 

 before, as it moves along. A cross-beam, which extends beyond the driving- 

 wheels, is 4 by G inches in size. On it are five wheels, gearing into each 

 other, and one driven from the crank-shaft. To the centre of each wheel is 

 bolted an iron bar, I by 2i inches, 4 feet long, on each end of which is a 

 small ploughshare without a land side, which cuts 10 inches deep if required. 

 The cut is 3 inches wide; so that each revolution of the arm makes a cut of 

 6 inches, and the machine travels forward the same distance in the same 

 time. Each plough-point being 2 feet 2 inches from the centre, the two ends 

 make a cut laterally of 191 inches, and the whole five cutters make a furrow 

 of 8 feet, as near as may be. For ditching, the plough-wheels arc removed, 

 and an extra shaft inserted, which is driven direct from the crank-shaft. 

 The shaft turns a wheel to which another form of excavator is attached. 

 The same small plough is at one end of the iron bar, but a spade or scraper 

 replaces that at the other. It throws the dirt to one side, distributing it over 

 5 to 20 feet of ground, in proportion to the speed of the machine. The fly- 

 wheel may, of course, be used to turn stationary farm machinery of all 

 kinds. 



The inventor claims to have ploughed about two acres in all for experi- 

 ment, and to have mowed about an acre. The whole apparatus, of five-horse 

 power, weighs only 1400 pounds, and is presumed to cost about $600. 



STEAM: PLOUGH. 



A steam plough, exhibited at the Illinois State Agricultural Fair, September 

 1S.">9, by James Waters, of Detroit, Mich., has the following construction: 



It is a locomotive engine, with a horizontal boiler, and four 5! inch cylin- 

 ders, with a 12-inch stroke, making 34 revolutions to one of the driving-wheels. 



